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97 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
T/F
During endo diagnosis, the reasons patients give for seeking help are less important than the diagnostic test results |
False
(reasons can give more info than test results) |
|
T/F
A sinus tract from a necrotic pulp may drain into the gringival crevice |
True
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T/F
The dental pulp is well enervated w/ proprioceptive nerve receptors |
False
(PDL = proprioceptors) (pulp = pain) |
|
T/F
Pain of non-odontogenic origin can refer pain to the teeth |
True
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T/F
Referred pain is the perceptio of pain in one part of the body that is distinct from the actual source of pain |
True
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T/F
An endondontic procedure that was performed well, but does not result in healing may be suggestive of a vertical root fracture, especially if a tooth doesn't heal after retreatment or apical surgery |
True
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T/F
A tooth with pulp necrosis, but no restoration or caries, is highly suspect to have a vertical root fracture |
True
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T/F
Most of the time, vertical root fractures are readily visualized on a periapical radiograph |
False
(usually can't see vertical fractures) |
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T/F
It is often impossible to determine how extensive a crack is until the tooth is extracted |
True
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T/F
Tooth fractures are more common in the B-L direction than the M-D direction |
False
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T/F
The diagnosis of "chronic apical abscess" depends on the presence of a sinus tract along w/ other conditions |
True
(acute usually has no sinus tract) |
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T/F
Condensing osteitis is always associated w/ symptomatic irreversible pulpitis |
False
(sometimes no symptoms = do nothing) (symptoms = RCT) |
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T/F
The patient's chief complaint should be paraphrased in the doctor's own words to avoid confusion |
False
(always in patient's own words) |
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T/F
Whan an infected tooth drains through a stoma on the skin, this is known as a "sinus tract" |
True
|
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T/F
A tooth that is tender to percussion may have a pulpal diagnosis of "normal" |
True
(percussion tests PDL inflammation, not pulp) |
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T/F
A tooth with caries can have a clinical pulpal diagnosis of "normal" |
True
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T/F
A tooth with a necrotic pulp may respond to prolonged heat, but should not respond to cold or EPT |
True
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T/F
A tooth with athe diagnosis of "acute apical abscess" is always associated with condiderable periapical radiographic bone loss |
False
(chronic does) |
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T/F
A tooth with the periapical diagnosis of "asymptomatic apical periodontitis" is always asociated with an apical raiolucency |
True
(all apical periodontitis has bone loss) |
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T/F
The dull ache of a symptomatic pulpitis is most likely carried out by the C-fibers in the pulp |
True
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T/F
Initial pulp tests following an injury frequenly give positive results, but such resluts may only indicate a transient pulpal response |
False
(recent injuries usually give no response, initially = false negative) |
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T/F
Thermal and EPT are important tests in trauma cases because they indiate the presence or absence of nerve function in the pulp |
True
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T/F
Brushing with a soft brush and rinsing with chlorhiexidine is beneficial to prevent accumulation of plaque and debris around the splint |
True
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T/F
In treating mid-root fractures, the coronal segment USUALLY undergoes necrosis requiring a root canal |
False
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T/F
Milk and HBSS are favored over water for storage media because the osmolality of water causes rapid lysis of PDL cells |
True
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T/F
CBCT has been proven in the literature to be superior to conventional radiography for horizontal root fractures and resorption defects |
True
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T/F
Tetracycline antibiotics should be prescribed in avulsion cases in patients over 12 yrs old for both antiresorptive properties and antibacterial action |
True
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T/F
Inflammatory root resorption occurs as a response to the presence of infected necrotic pulp tissue and injury to the PDL |
True
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T/F
The IADT advises the splint time for a lateral luxation injury w/ buccal alveolar fracture to be 4 weeks |
True
subluxation = 2 weeks extrusive luxation = 2 weeks Avulsion = 2 weeks Lateral luxaiton = 4 weeks Mid-root fracture = 4 weeks Alveolar fracture = 4 weeks Cervical root fracture = 4 months |
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T/F
Replacement resorption, or ankylosis, occurs more often with intrusive luxation and avulsion injuries due to denuded cementum on the root surface |
True
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T/F
Systemic diseases may cause pulpal injury |
True
(Herpes zoster) |
|
Tooth fractures are usually
A. horizontal B. vertical in MD direction C. vertical in BL direction |
B. vertical in MD direction
|
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Percussion test indicates:
A. inflammation in pulp B. inflammation in PDL C. inflammation in surrounding tissues |
B. inflammation in PDL
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T/F
Pulpal inflammation cannot spread to the PDL |
False
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EPT is most useful in establishing necrosis in:
(select all) A. immature teeth B. mature teeth C. recently traumatized D. not recently traumatized E. single canal teeth F. multi-canal teeth |
B. mature teeth
D. not recently traumatized E. single canal teeth |
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At least __ radiographs should be taken if fracture is suspected
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 |
C. 3
(3 different vertical angles) |
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T/F
Pain is entirely a psychologic phenomenon |
False
(also physical) |
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T/F
Pain results from 2 factors related to inflammation: - chemical mediators - pressure |
True
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T/F
Asymptomatic irreversible pulpitits is often an emergency condition that requires immediate treatment |
False
(No pain = not emergency) |
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T/F
Analgesics will relieve the pain of a patient with a true emergency |
False
(good for mild-moderate pain, not severe pain) (no pain medication can replace the efficacy of thoroughly cleaning the root canal to rid the tooth of the source of infection) |
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T/F
Psychologic management is the most important factor to emergency treatment with an anxious patient |
True
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T/F
Localized swelling should be incised whether fluctuant or not fluctuant |
True
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T/F
The most consistent factor that predicts postendodontic pain is the presence of preoperative mechanical allodynia |
True
(preoperative mechanical allodynia = preoperative pain) |
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T/F
Endotoxin is a component of Gram + cell walls |
False
(Gram –) |
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T/F
IAN blocks provide adequate anesthesia for endo purposes 85-95% of the time |
False
(35-60%) |
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T/F
Antibiotics are indicated when a patient presents w/ symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and symptomatic apical periodontitis |
False
(only use antibiotics if sign of spread of infection) |
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T/F
The material of choice for indirect pulp capping is MTA |
False
(Indirect = CaOH) (Direct = CaOH or MTA) |
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T/F
Vital immature teeth WITHOUT fully formed apices are poor candidates for direct pulp capping |
False
(good candidates) |
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T/F
Revascularization/regeneration procedures on non-vital teeth with apical periodontitis and immature apices are an alternative to apexification |
True
|
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T/F
Dentin that is formed as a result of indirect pulp capping is known as secondary dentin |
False
(tertiary/reparative dentin) |
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T/F
If the conditions are right to pulp cap a carious exposure, the site should be rinsed w/ NaOCl prior to placing the capping agent |
True
|
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T/F
In general, partial pulpotomies should only be done on teeth with a pulpal diagnosis of reversible pulpitis |
True
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T/F
Routine root canal therapy is contraindicated in anterior teeth that have successfully undergone apexogenesis |
True
(apexogenesis = pulpotomy) (apexification = RCT) |
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T/F
Two major drawbacks of apexification are that the root thickness and root length will not be improved |
True
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T/F
When performing apexification utilizing CaOH, barium sulfate is mixed into CaOH to enhance radiopacity |
True
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T/F
If you have a vital pulp exposure in the clinic, you should confirm the exposure with an endo instructor before placing the rubber dam |
False
(place rubber dam before doing anything to avoid contamination) |
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T/F
Anesthetic blockade of nerve conduction depends upon the length of the nerve exposed to the anesthetic solution |
True
(increased length = increased anesthesia) |
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T/F
Lip numbness is not a guarantee for pulpal anesthesia when performing RCT |
True
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T/F
Patient anxiety may contribute to local anesthetic failure by reduced pain threshold |
True
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T/F
To overcome accessory innervation from the mylohyoid nerve, one can deposit anesthetic solution higher in the pterygomadibular space |
True
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T/F
Central sensitization is the increased excitability of central neurons, which can be the result of inflammation that activates the nociceptors in the pulp and periradicular tissues resulting in a barrage of impulses sent to the brain |
True
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T/F
When using an intrapulpal injection technique in an uncomfortable patient, it is not dependent on anesthetic solution, but requires significant back pressure to be effective |
True
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T/F
The use of an anesthetic with a lower pKa may increase the availability of usable base form and provide better anesthesia under inflammatory tissue acidosis |
True
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T/F
Clinical trials indicate that the intraosseous route of injection significantly enhances pulpal anesthesia after IAN block injection in endodontic pain patients |
True
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T/F
Achieving pulpal anesthesia in patients with irreversible pulpitis is significantly more challenging due to TTX receptors that are expressed during inflammation |
True
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T/F
The combination of acetaminophen and ibuprofen at the same time has been shown in studies to be significantly more effective in pain relief than narcotic pain medications |
True
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T/F
A 2. 0 mm root resection at 45º removes 90% of apical accessory & lateral canals |
False
3.0 mm at 90º |
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T/F
Advantages of microsurgery include easier identification of root apices, smaler osteotomies, and shallower resection angles |
True
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T/F
The removal of diseased periapical tissues by periradicular curettage only eliminates the effect from the leakage, not the cause |
True
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T/F
The aim of root end preparation is to remove the intracanal filling material and irritants and to create a cavity that can be properly filled and sealed |
True
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T/F
Retreatment should always be considered on a tooth before considering apicoectomy |
True
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T/F
An indication for endo surgery is if retreatment of a failed RCT is impossible or would not achieve a better result due to iatrogenic error. |
True
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T/F
Using ultrasonics and the microscope in performing apicoectomies along with MTA as a root end filling has increased the success rate of endo surgery |
True
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T/F
One of the main factors in post-operative swelling is traumatic handling of the reflected tissue during surgery |
True
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T/F
Two major reasons for RCT failure are due to (1) Mesial-Buccal roots of maxillary 1st molars with an isthmus and (2) a missed MB-2 canal |
True
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T/F
A surgical complication such as perforation into the sinus has been shown in several studies to have no effect on healing |
True
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T/F
Intentional replantation is a good alternative to apical microsurgery when access to the apex is difficult |
True
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T/F
30% H₂O₂ associated with heat is a safe internal bleaching material and ha a low incidence of external root resorption |
False
(H₂O₂ + heat = ↑ risk) (trauma = ↑ risk) |
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T/F
Vitality of the pulp is usually compromised by SRP ONLY when this procedure compromises the blood supply through the apical foramen. |
True
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T/F
The apical progression of a perio pocket extending to the apical tissues may cause pulp necrosis. This is an example of primary perio with secondary endo. |
True
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T/F
The prognosis of bleaching a vital tooth discolored by the use of tetracycline during tooth development is very favorable and can be achieved by external bleaching |
False
(Not very favorable) (external & internal bleaching recommended) |
|
T/F
Root resorption is a complication associated w/ internal bleaching and is more likely when heat is applied during treatment |
True
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T/F
An isolated deep perio probing can be a consequence of an exacerbation of a chronic apical lesion in a tooth with a necrotic pulp which may drain coronally through the PDL into the gingival sulcus |
True
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T/F
The placement of a base at the CEJ during bleaching procedures is NOT necessary when sodium perborate/water mixture is used |
True
(base is ALWAYS needed) |
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T/F
Dentinal tubules are NOT common pathways for the spread of inflammation from an infected pulp into the periodontium in a tooth with no history of trauma, root resorption, and SRP |
True
(accessory canals can be) |
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T/F
In a tooth with primary perio, the pulp is usually non-vital, and therefore not responsive to EPT and cold tests. |
False
(Primary perio = vital) (Primary endo = abnormal/non-vital) |
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T/F
Furcation radiolucencies can be associated w/ non-vital and infected teeth with no perio disease present. In this case, these radiolucencies will resolve by endo treatment. |
True
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T/F
An unrestored, previously endodontically treated tooth that has no signs of periapical disease & is asymptomatic, but the fill has been in contact with oral fluids for along time should be retreated before being restored |
True
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T/F
Posttreatment disease is defined as persistent or reintroduced endodontic disease |
True
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T/F
Once a root canal space has been adequately cleaned & obturated, posttreatment disease from microorganisms can NOT occur |
False
(?? Adequately cleaned should be OK ??) |
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T/F
A crowned tooth that needs RCT should always have the crown removed prior to completing the access |
False
(can drill through crown) |
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T/F
When attempting retreatment, drilling out a post increases the chance of perforation |
True
|
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T/F
If a post cannot be removed for retreatment, the tooth should be extracted, regardless of the reason for the post removal |
False
(Disease = apical surgery) (Restorative reason = restore – unable to restore = extraction) |
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T/F
The 1st step in retrieving gutta-percha from a tooth that had RCT at UIC is to use a hot instrument to remove the coronal segment. |
True
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T/F
Carrier-based gutta-percha obturation is easier to remove than standard cold lateral condensation or gutta-percha |
False
(harder, due to presence of carrier within gutta-percha) |
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T/F
Sargenti method of root canal therapy is taught only at NYU, Boston University, and SIU schools of dentistry in the US |
False
(Not taught in schools in US) |
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T/F
There is no effective solvent for removing N2 from the root canal system |
True
|