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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The role of the posterior pituitary gland includes
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Maintain osmolality of body fluids and stimulate uterine contraction
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One of the roles of the thyroid gland is to
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Influence the normal respiratory response to hypoxia and hypercapnea
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Glucagon
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Exerts its effects on the liver
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Hormones of the anterior pituitary are
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ACTH , thyroid stimulating hormone, growth hormone
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Glucocorticoids secreted by the adrenal cortex will
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Produce an anti-inflammatory effect
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Hypocalcemia will lead to the release of
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Parathyroid hormone
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The role of the adrenal cortex gland includes the regulation of extracellular fluid, inflammatory response, and metabolism
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True
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The release of insulin is inhibited by all the following except somatostatin , oxytocin, nor epinephrine, epinephrine.
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Oxytocin
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What is the role of the pancreas
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Modulates all aspects of cellular nutrition
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Which gland does the anterior pituitary regulate
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Thyroid, adrenal cortex, ovaries and testes
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When blood levels of T3 and T4 are too high the – inhibits the production of TSH
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Anterior pituitary
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Thyroid hormones are regulated through a positive feedback loop
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False
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Hypoglycemia will stimulate the production of
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Glucagon
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Epinephrine and norepinephrine are secreted from
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Adrenal Medulla
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What is the effect of epinephrine on Insulin
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It can make cells resistant to endogenous and Exogeneous insulin
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What are three indicators of Addisonian crisis
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Hypotension, hyperkalemia, and hypoglycemia
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Moon face is a classic symptom of
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Cushing's syndrome
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The hallmark sign of hypoparathyroidism is
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Tetany
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Mixedema coma, is the result of
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Insufficient or absent thyroid function
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Signs and symptoms of SIA DH are related to
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Fluid overload and hyponatremia
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Type I diabetes is associated with
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Absolute insulin deficient
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The lowest level of serum cortisol occurs
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1800
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What is the effect of epinephrine on insulin
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You can make the cells resistant to endogenous and Exogenous insulin
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Hyperglycemia in the critically ill patient is defined as
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BG >200
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Hyperglycemia in the critically I'll patient needs to be managed to prevent
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Increased risk of thromboembolic events
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Point of care blood glucose testing analysis requires a normal value of
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Hematocrit
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Generally in hyperglycemic critically ill patient, blood glucose levels are tested
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Hourly until stable for 6 to 8 hours, then every two hours
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Cushing syndrome characteristics
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Full, flushed face; thinning hair; muscle wasting
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Typically, treatment for the patient with Addisonian crisis involves administration of
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Vasopressors and IV fluid
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Addison's disease is first detected
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When physical or emotional stress occurs
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The etiology of Cushing's syndrome is described by all but which of the following: damage to adrenal cortex. Pituitary adenoma. Exogenous steroids. Hypersecretion of ACTH
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Pituitary adenoma
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The patient with severe hyperparathyroidism may present with seizure and laryngospasms
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True
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Which of the following is not part of the recommended treatment for Mixedema coma: Levothyroxine. Glucocorticoids. Respiratory support with a ventilator. Therapeutic hypothermia
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Therapeutic hypothermia
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Myxedema coma is the result of
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Insufficient or absent thyroid function
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What is the most common cause of hypothyroidism
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Autoimmune thyroiditis
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Critically high T3 and T4 levels confirm the diagnosis of Thyrotoxic crisis
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False
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Symptoms of thyrotoxicosis
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Hypertension, nervousness, weight loss, chest pain
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In a thyrotoxic storm, laboratory values of T3 and T4 will be extremely elevated making diagnosing the crisis more apparent
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False
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Which lab profiles would you expect to see for your patient with diabetes insipidus
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Elevated serum osmolality 385. Decreased urine specific gravity 1.004. Elevated serum sodium 148.
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When ADH is produced from sites other than the posterior pituitary resulting in excess of hormone, it may cause
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Siadh
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Medication such as hypoglycemic's, tricyclic antidepressants, narcotics, and anesthesia are known to be a contributing factor to the development of SIADH
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True
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Performing neurological checks is a priority nursing assessment for the patient with SIADH
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True
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As you care for a patient with the oat cell carcinoma, you should alert the MD that the patient is developing symptoms of SIADH when you receive the following lab values
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Decreased serum sodium 118, urine specific gravity 1.035, decreased Hgb/Hct 9.1/27.1
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Hypoglycemia results with lack of medication lack of eating sufficient amount of calories or increase in exercise. Which med, metformin or insulin and at what level of blood glucose do symptoms occur
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Insulin. Symptoms usually seen when BG < 60
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This condition is characterized by severe hyperglycemia, hyper osmolality, and dehydration
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Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketonic syndrome. HHN
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DKA occurs most commonly in patients with
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Type I diabetes
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DKA patients present with
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Polyurea, polydipsia, headache, hypotension, Kussmaul respirations, fruity breath
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What type of medication given for diabetes acts by suppressing hepatic glucose production and increasing the uptake of glucose by the peripheral Tissue
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Biguanides (metformin)
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What type of medication given for diabetes acts by stimulating the beta cells of the pancreas to release insulin
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Sulfonylureas (glipizide)
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What type of medication given for diabetes acts by decreasing the ability of enzymes in the intestinal tract to metabolize carbohydrates
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Alpha glucosidase inhibitors
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Metformin, a Biguanide, functions to
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Decreases hepatic glucose production and increases peripheral tissue sensitivity to insulin
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What type of medication for diabetes acts by enhancing insulins action by increasing the cell receptors, which respond to exogenous and endogenous insulin
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Thiazolidinediones
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Assessment findings the patient with adrenal insufficiency may also mimic many other conditions
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True
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What assessment findings most indicative of low levels of aldosterone/mineralcorticoid
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Hypotension and hyperkalemia 5.3
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Laboratory test for parathyroid function include serum calcium and serum phosphorus values
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True
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This test measures the pituitary glands ability to synthesize and secrete ADH. It helps distinguish between a neurogenic and nephrogenic cause of diabetes insipidus
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Vasopressin stimulation test
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these labs help assess pancreatic function
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Glycosylated hemoglobin, serum and urine ketones, serum glucose
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Hallmark sign of hypoparathyroidism
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Tetany
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