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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Exogenic Process |
The geological phenomena and processes which occur on and originate from the Earth's surface. |
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Weathering |
The breakdown of the materials of Earth’s crust into smaller pieces |
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Physical Weathering |
Process by which rocks are broken down into smaller pieces by external conditions. |
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Frost wedging |
caused by the freezing and thawing of water that seeps into cracks of rocks |
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Salt Crystal Growth |
force exerted by salt crystal that formed as water evaporates from pore spaces or cracks in rocks can cause the rock to fall apart. |
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Abrasion |
caused by the rubbing and/or bouncing of rocks with each other |
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Exfoliation/Unloading |
peeling away of large sheets of loosened rock materials |
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Biological Activities |
(Plant roots, Burrowing of animals) |
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Chemical Weathering |
The process that breaks down rock through chemical changes |
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Dissolution |
dissociation of molecules into ions such as dissolution of limestone in acidic water. This process is sometimes called carbonation. CO2 + rainwater = Carbonic Acid |
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Oxidation |
Oxygen + Water + Iron = Rust through the Chemical reaction called Oxidation |
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Hydrolysis |
Water weathers rock by dissolving it. |
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Living Organisms |
Lichens that grow on rocks produce weak acids that chemically weather rock |
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Acid Rain |
Compounds from burning coal, oil and gas react chemically with water forming acids. Acid rain causes very rapid chemical weathering. |
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Mass Wasting |
is the process of downslope movement of rock, regolith, sand and soil under the direct influence of gravity. It is also known as mass movement or slope movement |
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Excess Moisture |
pore pressure increases, this reduces shear strength |
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Low Moisture |
also reduces shear strength |
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Intermediate Moisture |
soil sticks together, shear strength is highest |