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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Sterilization |
a process that removes / eliminates all forms of viable microorganism including ALL bacterial spores. |
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Methods of Sterilization |
1- steam sterilization 2- Low temperature sterilization -Hydrogen peroxide gas plasma -Ethylene oxide gas -Peracetic acid sterilization 3- Dry heat: -Inciniration -Red heat -Hot air ovens 4- Other
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Disinfection |
a process that eliminates MOST , not all, pathogenic microorganisms EXCEPT spores. |
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Methods of Disinfection |
1- Chemical : -swabbed with 70% alcohol -immersion in 2% ortho-phthaladehyde (OPA) didinfectant for 12 minutes 2- Boiling water: at 100* for 20 minutes 3- Pasteurization 4- Thermal disinfection by hot water eg. wasing machines 5- Ultraviolet radiation |
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Disinfectant |
usually a chemical agent (but sometimes physical agent) that achieves disinfection. It refers to substances applied to inanimate objects |
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Antiseptic |
a chemical disinfectant which can be safely applied to skin and mucous membranes but not suitable for systemic administration. |
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Germicide |
agent that destroys microorganisms; may be virucide, bactericide, fungiside, sporicide and tuberculoside indicating the microorganisms the germicide kills. |
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Sterilant |
chemical germicide that achieves sterilization. |
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Cleaning |
removal of foreign material (organic or inorganic contaminants) from medical devices as part of decontamination process. It is usually done by soap and water, detergants or enzymatic products. |
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Advantages and Disadvantages of : Steam sterilization |
- nontoxic, inexpensive, rapidly heats and penetrates fabrics - cant be used for materials that can be damaged by moist heat e.g. powders, petroleum products, sharp instruments |
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Advantages and Disadvantages of : Hot Air Sterilizers |
-nontoxic, relatively inexpensive, noncorrosive for metal and sharp instruments - slow rate of heat penetration, time consuming, high temps are not suitable for most materials.. |
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Advantages and Disadvantages of : Ethylene oxide gas |
-can be used for instruments that cannot be subjected to heat -expensive & toxic |
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Method used for sterilization (disinfection) of Skin: |
- 70% isopropyl alcohol - alcohol based iodine compound |
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Method used for sterilization (disinfection) of
Air in OR |
UV
Filter (HEPA) |
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Method used for sterilization (disinfection) of Milk: |
Pasteurization Microwaves |
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Method used for sterilization (disinfection) of disposable plastic syringe: |
- Hydrogen peroxide gas plasma - Ionizing radiation
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Method used for sterilization (disinfection) of Hormones & vitamins: |
filtration |
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Method used for sterilization (disinfection) of Endoscopes: |
- Hydrogen peroxide gas plasma - Peracetic acid sterilization |
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Mention the use of: Hydrogen peroxide gas plasma |
- plastics - electrical devices - corrosion susceptible metal alloys |
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Mention the use of: Ethylene oxide gas |
instruments that cannot be subjected to steam |
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Mention the use of: Peracetic acid |
-medical, surgical & dental instruments (e.g. endoscopes, arthroscopes) |
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Mention the use of: Inciniration |
dead animal bodies infectious hospital waste |
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Mention the use of: Red Heat |
wires loops points of forceps |
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Mention the use of: Hot Air ovens |
powders petroleum products sharp instruments |
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Mention the use of: UV |
air (of OR) surfaces ( laboratory safety cabinet) |
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Mention the use of: hot water |
linen of hospital laundry dishes and devices which can't withstand higher temp. |
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Mention the use of: Pasteurization |
Milk |
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Mention the use of: Alcohol |
Skin |
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Mention the use of: Ionizing Radiation |
pre-packed heat sensitive items: - bone grafts - surgical sutures - disposable plastic syringe - gloves - catheters - plastic Petri dishes |
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Mention the use of: Filtration |
thermoliable pharmaceutical fluids: - antibiotics - hormones - vitamins critical areas: - OR - drug factories - laboratory biosafety cabinet |
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Mention the use of: Ozone |
drinking water |
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Mention the use of: Microwaves |
- soft contact lenses - dental instruments - dentures - milk - urinary catheter |
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Mention the use of: Formaldehyde Steam |
heat sensitive medical equipment: - mechanical ventilator - incubators for neonates |
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Mention the use of: Autoclave |
hfjk |