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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The study of social and cultural influences on language structure
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Sociolinguistics
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A mutually intelligible form of a language associated with a particular region, social class, or ethnic group
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Dialect
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An idealized form of a language
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Standard English
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Language variations that are due to situational factors
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Register
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Decreasing the differences between dialects by promoting a more “general” dialect
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Dialect Leveling
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The extent to which particular individuals use the available features of their dialect
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Dialect Density
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When some groups use more dialect features than other groups
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Gradient Stratification
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When a specific feature is used more by one group than another
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Sharp Stratification
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7 Factors that Influence Language Behavior and Acquisition
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- Race and Ethnicity
- Social Class, Education, and Occupation - Region - Gender - Situation or Context - Peer Group Association/Identification - First Language Community/Culture |
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Biological label that is defined in terms of observable physical features and biological characteristics
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Race
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Commonalities (religion, nationality, region)
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Ethnicity
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Way of life developed by a group of individuals to meet psychosocial needs; values, norms, beliefs, attitudes, behaviors, region.
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Culture
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Refers to a linguistic code used by working-class African Americans within working-class speech communities
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African American English (AAE)
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Shifting from one dialect to another depending on the social situation
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Code Switching
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MAJOR PHONOLOGICAL FEATURES OF AAVE
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-Word final consonant cluster simplification--particularly when one consonant is an alveolar
-Stopping of word initial “th” -Substitution of [f] and [v] for “th” between vowels -Substitution of [f] for “th” in word-final position -Deletion of /r/ and /l/ -Substitution of I/E before nasals -Nasalization of preceding vowel and deletion of nasal consonant in word-final position |
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Communication system used by groups of people who wish and need to communicate with each other but have no means to do so
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Pidgin
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When a pidgin becomes the mother tongue of a community (passed onto children)
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Creole
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Six Major Dialects of American Spanish
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Mexico and Southwest US
Central America Caribbean Highlands Chilean Southern Paraguayan, Uruguayan, & Argentinean |
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Bilingual Approach (for treating bilingual children)
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Target errors present in both languages to facilitate generalization
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Cross-linguistic Approach (for treating bilingual children)
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Target errors specific to each language
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