Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
78 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Macule
|
Primary lesions. Flat lesion that is a different color from surrounding skin. Should be less than 1cm in size.
|
|
Patch
|
Primary lesion. flat circumscribed lesion, different color, greater than 1cm.
|
|
Papules
|
Primary lesion. Small, solid, raised lesion, smaller than .5 cm.
|
|
Nodule
|
Primary lesion, usualy solid, deeper than a papule, between .5 and 2 cm
|
|
Tumor
|
Deeper solid lesion, measure more than 2cm in diameter. Benign or malignant
|
|
Plaque
|
Primary. Mesa like elevation. Occupies large surface area in comparison to its height.
|
|
Pustule
|
Primary lesion, raised and contains purulent exudate.
|
|
Vesicle
|
Primary. Elevated lesion that contains fluid. Less than .5 cm in diameter.
|
|
Bulla
|
Primary, a large vesicle, larger than .5 cm.
|
|
Wheal
|
Primary lesion, elevated due to transient edema. Pruritic and disappears within hours. AKA hives.
|
|
Abscess
|
Primary lesion. Circumscribed, elevated, filled with purulent material, greater than 1cm in diameter.
|
|
Comedones
|
Primary lesion. Plugged secretion of horny material retained within pilosebaceous follicle. Earliest lesion seen in acne. Blackheads.
|
|
Telangiectasias
|
Primary lesion. persistent dilatation of superficial venules.
|
|
Burrow
|
Primary lesion produced by parasite tunneling in the skin
|
|
Ulcer
|
secondary lesion. Necrosis of the epidermis and part or all of dermis and underlying subQ
|
|
Scar
|
Secondary skin lesion. Abnormal formation of connective tissue, happen when basement membrane is broken.
|
|
Scale
|
Secondary lesion. Desquamating layers of the stratum corneum accumulate. due to abnormal keratinization. Infection, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis can all cause scale.
|
|
Atrophy
|
Secondary skin lesion. Depression of epidermis, translucent skin, normal skin markings lost. Stretch marks.
|
|
Crusts
|
Secondary lesion. Collection of dried serum, pus, blood, or other cellular debris. Yellow - serum, Red/brown - blood. Yellow/green - purulent.
|
|
Fissures
|
Secondary lesion. Very painful cleavage of skin. Superglue to fix.
|
|
Erosions
|
Secondary lesions. Slightly depressed lesion in which all or part of the epidermis is lost. Healing occurs without scarring
|
|
Excoriations
|
Secondary lesion. Traumatized or abraded skin from scratching, rubbing.
|
|
Lichenification
|
Secondary. Focal area of thickened skin from chronic scratching or rubbing. Skin lines accentuated.
|
|
Petechiae
|
Blood cells in dermis. less than 5mm in diameter. Do not blanch with pressure.
|
|
Purpura
|
Larger patches of blood in dermis, do not blanch with pressure.
|
|
Target lesions
|
Consist of 3 zones.
1. Dark of blistered center. 2. Center surrounded by pale zone. 3. Third zone rim of erythema. herpes virus or drug rxn |
|
Nummular
|
coin shaped configuration of lesions
|
|
Livedo
|
Net-like pattern of lesions
|
|
Atopic Dermatitis
|
Chronic inflammatory skin disease. eg. Eczema. Erythema, oozing, papules, crusting. Symmetric. Increased serum IgE.
|
|
Eczema
|
Type of atopic dermatitis. Extensor surfaces more common, spares diaper area.
|
|
Filaggrin Mutation
|
Leads to barrier defect. Enhanced penetration of allergens, leads to keratinocytes producing thymus stromal lymphopoietin. leads to Th2 response.
|
|
Eczema herpeticum
|
Disseminated herpes virus, life threatening.
|
|
Psoriasis
|
Immune mediated skin or skin and joint inflammatory disease. Sharp borders, silvery scale, skin under scale is erythematous and glossy.
|
|
Auspitz Sign
|
In psoriasis, small blood droplets appear after mechanical scraping of lesion
|
|
Most common type of psoriasis
|
Chronic plaque psoriasis.
|
|
Pustular psoriasis
|
Febrile, chills, really sick! Can occur from prednisone use. DON'T prescribe steroids to patients with psoriasis.
|
|
Inverse psoriasis
|
Occurs in genital area and armpits
|
|
Histology of psoriasis
|
Epidermal thickness, vascular dermal plexus, inflammatory cells in epidermis and superficial dermis
|
|
Psoriasis treatment
|
Immunosuppression, T-cell directed agents. Psoriasis is a Th1 disease.
|
|
Bullous disease
|
blistering diseases due to cell-cell disturbances or cell-matrix
|
|
Phemphigoid group
|
Subepidermal blisters, tense blisters, hemidesmisome disease
|
|
Pemphigus group
|
Epidermal blisters, flaccid, desmosome disease.
|
|
Bullous pemphigoid
|
pemphidoigD-Deep! Subepidermal blisters, severe pruritis. occurs in elderly. Eosinophils.
Circulating autoantibodies against 2 hemidesmosome proteins BP230 and BP180 |
|
Pemphigus
|
PemphiguS-Superficial. Intraepidermal blisters. Circulating IgG autoantibodies against keratinocyte surface. Lesions favor head (esp oral mucosa), sternum, axilla, groin.
|
|
Dermatitis herpetiformis
|
Intensely itchy papulovesicular eruption, symmetric, often sensitive to gluten.
|
|
Basal cell carcinoma
|
Keratinocyte tumor, most common, rarely lethal, translucent, elevated. No precursor lesion
|
|
Squamous carcinoma
|
Injured skin, common on face and lower lip. Precursor lesion called actinic keratosis.
|
|
Superficial spreading melanoma
|
Most common type. 30-50yos. Radial growth.
|
|
Nodular melanoma
|
2nd most common type. Pops otu of skin. bleeding and ulceration
|
|
Lentigo melanoma
|
Unfrequent. Older individuals chronically sundamaged skin.
|
|
Acral lentiginous melanoma
|
Uncommon, older people, usually on palms, soles, nails.
|
|
Seborrheic Keratosis
|
Hyperkeratotic pigmented papules and plaques on face and trunk. Stuck on appearance. Benign. Sign of Leser-Tralet.
|
|
Acanthosis Nigricans
|
Thickened, hyperpigmented zones in flexural areas. Associated with obesity and diabetes.
|
|
Fibroepithelial Polyp
|
Skin tag, squamous papilloma. Common on neck, trunk, face
|
|
Keratocanthoma
|
Self-limiting, rapidly growing/healing lesion in sunexposed caucasians. Flesh colored dome with keratin filled crater.
|
|
Xanthelasma
|
Not a tumor- fat deposition around eye. Chicken fat. Should have a lipid profile done.
|
|
Actinic keratosis
|
Actinic (from the sun) Keratosis - premalignant lesion from sun exposure. Less than 1cm, may produce cutaneous horns, scaly rough.
|
|
Squamous cell carcinoma
|
Risk factors: sun exposure, hpv 36 18 16, tobacco, burns.
|
|
Basal cell carcinoma
|
pearly papules, most common skin malignancy.
|
|
Lentigo (simplex)
|
common benign hyperpigmented macules (5-10 mm). Not freckles.
|
|
Melanocytic Nevus
|
Moles. May present as flat, popular, papillomatous, black or brown lesions
|
|
Benign fibrous histiocytoma
|
Benign indolent neoplasms of dermal fibroblasts and histiocytes. Tea brown papule.
|
|
Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans
|
well-diferentiated slow growing fibrosarcoma, firm solid nodules
|
|
Histiocytosis X
|
Resembles seborrheic dermatitid, scaing erythematous macules or papules.
|
|
Mycosis fungoides MF or Cutaneous T cell Lymphoma CTCL
|
Lymphoproliferative disorder. >40
Patch stage - erythematous scaling patches that itch . Plaque stage, well demarcated, indurated erythematous plaque |
|
Sezary's Syndrome
|
Leukemic form of mycosis fungoides. Erythoderma is generalized and Sezary cells are present in the blood.
|
|
Seborheic Dermatitis
|
Common red, scaly, itchy rash seen in people with oily skin or hair. Comes and goes. Infancy - cradle cap. Middle age, elderly.
|
|
Erythema multiforme
|
Self-limited hypersensitivity to drugs. Cell mediated CD8 cytotoxic injury. Stevens-Johnson syndrome - serious w/ mucous membrane involvement.
|
|
Toxic epiderman necrolysis (TEN)
|
A severe variant of Erythema Multiforme characterized by epithelial necrosis and sloughing.
|
|
Erythema Nodosum
|
most common form of panniculitis, painful tender nodules on lower legs.
|
|
Erythemia Induratum
|
Uncommon form of panniculitis affecting adolescents and menopausal women. Granulomatous inflammation and vasculitis of subQ fat.
|
|
Lichen Planus
|
Multiple, symmetrically distributed pruritic polygonal, purple papules that may coalesce into plaques.
|
|
Lupus Erythematosis
|
Autoimmune disease, photosensitivity, macular butterfly rash.
|
|
Chronic Discoid Lupus Erythematosis CDLE
|
Sharply marginated scaly atrophic red plaques in sun-exposed areas. Alopecia. Granular band of Ig and complement along D-E jxn.
|
|
Acne vulgaris
|
Common chronic inflammatory dermatoses affecting hair follicles.
|
|
Verruca
|
Wart. Benign epithelial hyperplasia caused by HPV. V. vulgaris - most common, anywhere. V. plana - flat wart. V acuminatum - venereal wart.
|
|
Molluscum contagiosum
|
Pox virus
|
|
Impetigo
|
Strep or staph infection usually seen in babies and sick adults. Begins as erythematous macule, to pustules, honey colored crust.
|