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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Common orbital tumor of infancy
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Capillary hemangioma
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Symptomatic pinguecula treatment.
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(1) lubricants
(2) OTC decongestants (3) mild steroid (lotomax) |
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Congenital tumor from mesoderm and ectoderm; primarily COLLAGEN; located inferior temporal
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Limbal Dermoid
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Dermoid in childhood; lipodermoid in adulthood (composed of lipid)
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Epibulbar choristoma
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Adenochrome Deposits are caused from
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(1)epinephrine
(2)propine |
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Flat, superficial, diffuse and may be near limbus or surrounding a penetrating BV; stable; 0 cysts
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Melanosis
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Primary aquired melanosis therapeutic options
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(1) surgery
(2) topical mitomycin C |
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Slate gray within epidermis; seen in Asian populations
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Scelral Melanocytosis
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slate gray within epidermis involving eye and skin
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Nevus of Ota
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Raise pigmented or nonpigmented; early 50's; 2% of all ocular malig,; fixed to underlying tissue
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Conjunctival Melanoma
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High risk factor for blacks to develop choroidal melanoma
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Nevus of Ota
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Rare, unilateral premalignant condition. More common in older fair skinned. Nodular, or irregular white lesions (leukoplakia); moveable
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Conj. Intraepi. Neo.
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Common white, male 60s. Pink diffuse gelationous and high vascularized. Metasis rare.
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Conj. Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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Conj. Squamous Cell Carcinoma present in younger than 50 suspect
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AIDS
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Edema and PMN into conj. Central Vessel. response to bacterial and allergies.
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Papillae
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Adult with follicles result of:
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(1) viral
(2) chlamydial (3) toxic rxn |
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Child with follicles result of:
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Not a disease; underdeveloped immune system; clear up with age
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Mucopurulent commonly seen in:
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(1) bacterial
(2) chylamydial conj. |
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Another name for mucopurulent
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catarrhal
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Purulent or hyperacute dischg may be:
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gonococcal
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Membrane/Pseudomembrane caused by:
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(1) adenoviral conj
(2) HSV |
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Common flora of conj.
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(1) S. epidermis
(2) S. aureus (3) Corynebacterium |
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Most common cause of primary conj. in immunocompetent childern younger 12
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bacteria
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Most common baterial pathogens
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(1) S. aureus
(2) H. influenza (3) S. pneumoniae |
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Most common cause of primary conj. in immunocompetent childern over 12 and adults
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viruses
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Most common viral pathogens
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(1) adenovirus
(2) herpes simplex |
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Isolate most ocular aerobic and anaerobic pathogens
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Blood Agar
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Blood Agar cannot isolate
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(1) Haemophilus
(2) Neissera (3) Moraxella |
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Chocolate Agar isolates
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(1) Haemophilus
(2) Neissera (3) Moraxella |
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Sabouraud's Agar isolate
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Fungi
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Treatment of Acute Bacterial Conj.
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(1)Broad spec Antibiotic
(2) Severe inflammation or pseudo/true memb- Steroids |
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Staph Conj. associated with
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Bleph
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Diffuse bulbar and palpebral hyperemia, scattered petechial hem, mucopurulent dischg, and marginal corneal infiltrates
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Pneumococcus Conj. or Haemophilus influenza Conj.
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Concurrent URTI or otitis media in children younger than 4
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Pneumococcus Conj.
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May progress to preseptal or orbital cellulitis
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Haemophilus influenza Conj.
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Hyperacute Bacterial Conj. caused by
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(1) N. gonorrhea
(2) N. meningitis |
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Treatment for Hyperacute Bacterial Conj.
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(1) systemic and topical therapy
(2) frequent irrigation (3) hospitalization |
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Untreated Hyperacute Bacterial Conj. can lead to
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(1) true membrane formation
(2) symblepharon (3) corneal perforation |
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Chronic Bacterial Conj., commonly seen in clinic, caused by
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(1) S. aureus
(2) M. lacunata |
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Treatment Chronic Bacterial Conj.
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(1) lid hygiene
(2) broad spec antibiotic QID flare ups (3)topical steriod- corneal involve or phlyctenules |
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Conjunctivitis of newborn occuring within the first 4 weeks of life. (normally 3-5 days after delivery)
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Ophthalmia Neonatorum
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Ophthalmia Neonatorum- Gonococcal treatment
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pencillin G
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Ophthalmia Neonatorum- Chlamydial treatment
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erythromycin
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Ophthalmia Neonatorum- S. aureus, H. influenza, S. viridans, P.aeruginosa; treatment
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erythromycin gram (+)
tobramycin gram (-) |
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Ophthalmia Neonatorum- Herpes simplex treatment
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trifluorothymidine
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Ophthalmia Neonatorum- chemical silver nitrate treatment
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self-limiting
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Ophthalmia Neonatorum- marked by corneal opacities and possible micropannus
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Chlamydial
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Bacitracin
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inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis, good gram (+) coverage, poor gram (-)
coverage (except Neisseria |
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changes permeability of the bacterial cell membranes causing cell death,
fair gram (+) coverage, poor gram (-) coverage (except H. influenzae |
Gramicidin
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changes permeability of the bacterial cell membranes causing cell death,
no gram (+) coverage, fair gram (-) coverage (good against P. aeruginosa), very important in CL wear, excellent when combined with an effective gram (+) agent. |
Polymyxin B
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prevents the conversion of dihydrofolic acid preventing cell growth,
broad spectrum (does not cover P. aeruginosa), excellent choice when combined with Polymyxin B. |
Trimethoprim
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inhibits bacterial protein synthesis, ung form used widely, excellent
choice for prophylactic treatment of ophthalmia neonatorum, oral use in C. trachomatis |
Erythromycin
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interfere with DNA
synthesis, broad spectrum (99% of pathogens eradicated with 4th gen. FQ’s), very good drugs for initial treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis |
Fluoroquinolones (nor-, cipro-, o-, moxi-, and gatifloxacin
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aminoglycoside, inhibits bacterial protein synthesis, broad spectrum, risk of
contact dermatitis limits use |
Neomycin
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aminoglycoside, excellent gram (-) coverage, fair gram (+) coverage, can
cause corneal and conj toxicity. |
Gentamicin
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aminoglycoside, very similar to gentamicin in efficacy, more potent
against P. aeruginosa, in combo with dexamethasone (Tobradex) is the most widely Rx’ed prescription in the U.S. |
Tobromycin
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– inhibits the bacterial synthesis of folic acid, broad spectrum, resistance
and hypersensitivity are common, better options are available |
Sulfonamides
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inhibit bacterial protein synthesis, broad spectrum, increasing resistance,
contraindicated in pregnant or nursing women and in children younger than 8. |
Tetracycline
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