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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
A broad taxonomic rank that has been used to classify radially symmetric animals |
Radiata |
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Develop from only two embryonic cell layers |
Diploblastic |
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The two layers that develops radiate animals |
Endoderm and Ectoderm |
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Radiate animals are soft-bodied invertebrates that lack ____________ |
Cephalization |
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Having a head area |
Cephalization |
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Phylum Cnidaria is made up of over ________ species including jellyfish, sea anemones, and coral |
9,000 |
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What type of body are adults composed of? |
Two-layered body |
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Outer cell layer of an adult cnidarian |
Epidermis |
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Cells which aid in movement; can contract, extend, bend, or pulse the body or tentacles of the organism |
Epitheliomuscular cells |
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Inner cell layer of an adult cnidarian; functions mainly in digestion |
Gastrodermis |
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An extracellular matrix that acts like glue between the two body layers |
Mesoglea |
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The mesoglea "jelly" is made up of _____% water |
95 |
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A blind gut with a single exterior opening that serves as both the mouth and anus |
Gastrovascular cavity |
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Type of cnidarian nervous system |
Nerve net |
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Nerve cells connecting the epitheliomuscular cells with sensory cells forms a __________ |
Neuromuscular system |
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Term referring to organisms with two different body forms |
Dimorphism |
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All cnidarian forms fit into one of two morphological types, which is |
A polyp or medusa |
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The vase-shaped hydroid form adapted to a sessile life |
Polyp |
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Body form of free-swimming jellyfish |
Medusa |
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Sensory structures for balance and orientation |
Statocysts |
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Sensory structure used for light reception |
Ocelli |
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What is a group of jellyfish called? |
A smack |
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Process in which a polyp can produce many medusae |
Strobilation |
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Immature medusa |
Ephyrae |
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The result of strobilation |
An 8-armed free swimming ephyrae |
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Cnidarian stinging cells |
Cnidocytes |
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Cnidocytes contain organelles called |
Cnidae |
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4 major groups of cnidarians |
Scyphozoa, cubozoa, hydrozoa, anthozoa |
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Includes most of the larger true jellyfish or "cup animals" |
Scyphozoa |
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Discharge enzymes on the food to begin extracellular digestion |
Gland cells |
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Corals use these small organisms to supplement their nutrition |
Zooxanthellae |
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Simple eyes or eyespots |
Ocelli |
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Colonies of specialized individuals called zooids |
Siphonophores |
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The most venomous animal in the world |
Box jellies |
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Most abundant freshwater type of cnidarian |
Hydra |
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Largest class of cnidarians includes sea anemones and corals |
Anthozoa |
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Three subclasses of Anthozoa |
Hexacorallia, Ceriantipatharia, Octocorallia |
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These "flower of the sea" form symbiotic relationships with clownfish and hermit crabs |
Sea anemones |
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Protected by a mucus layer that makes them immune to sea anemones stings |
Clownfish |
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Box jellies named for their cube-shaped medusae |
Cubozoa |
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Oval-shaped animals with paddle-like hairs that shimmer with rainbow colors |
Portuguese Man-of-War |
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Motile larva of a jellyfish |
Planula |
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The most common type of cnidae |
Nematocysts |
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Another name for the gastrovascular cavity |
Coelenteron |
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Type of Asexual reproduction in which knobs of tissue form on the side of an existing polyp |
Budding |
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Nickname for Chironex fleckeri |
Sea wasp |
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Term referring to a native organism restricted to a certain country or area |
Endemic |
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The largest known species of jellyfish |
Lion's mane |
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The nematocyst sensor which triggers the filament to pop out |
Cnidocil |
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Adjective to describe animals that prefer open water |
Pelagic |
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Adjective to describe animals that prefer substrate (bottom) environments |
Benthic |
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The four horse-shoe shaped structures of a moon jelly |
Gonads |
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Term for animals that are not colonial but instead live as individual polyps |
Zooid |
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Type of Asexual reproduction in which an individual divides in half as one side of the polyp pulls away from the other side |
Fission |
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Common predators of jellyfish |
Sea turtles |
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Sea anemones have this type of symmetry |
Radial |
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Phylum of comb jellies and Sea Walnuts |
Ctenophora |
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In what class of cnidarians would Moon Jellyfish and "cup animals" be located |
Scyphozoa |
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The scientific name for a moon jellyfish |
Aurelia aurita |
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Scientific name for Nomura's Jellyfish |
Nemopilema nomurai |
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The mouth side of a cnidarian |
Oral surface |
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The side opposite of the mouth |
Aboral surface |
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Portuguese Man-of-War, Hydra, Siphonophores , and "sea serpent animals" |
Hydrozoa |
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Contains stony or bard corals |
Hexacorallia |
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Has simple, unbranched tentacles |
Ceriantipatharia |
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Has 8 feather-like tentacles per polyp |
Octocorallia |