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267 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Who founded the Bank of England?
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William Paterson (1658-1719) in 1694.
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Who was the architect of St Mary Woolnoth?
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Nicholas Hawksmoor (c1661-1736); built 1716-27.
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Where is there a “noon mark” in the City?
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Paternoster Square (sundial sculpture on the London Stock Exchange).
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Where did the first bomb fall on the City in World War II?
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Fore Street, Moorgate (near the Salters’ Company Hall).
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Where will you find a pulpit in the City that cannot be approached from the church itself?
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All Hallows on the Wall, London Wall. (Rebuilt by George Dance the Younger 1765-67.)
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How many Sheriffs are there in the City?
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Two.
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In which church will you find a monument to Inigo Jones?
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St Benet Paul’s Wharf, Queen Victoria Street. (Jones buried in chancel of pre-Fire church; rebuilt by Wren and Hooke 1678-84.)
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Which is the oldest elected office in the City?
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Sherriff of London.
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What marks the City boundary?
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Heraldic dragons (i.e. the City’s emblem, on black bollards).
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How many wards are there in the City?
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Twenty-five.
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Who was the architect of Smithfield Meat Market?
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Sir Horace Jones (1819-87); built 1866-68.
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How many horses are used to pull the Lord Mayor’s coach?
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Six.
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Where is there a street named in honour of the joust?
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Giltspur Street, Knightrider Street.
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Where do you find statues of Agriculture, Art, Commerce and Science?
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Holborn Viaduct.
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Which is the oldest Livery Company by charter?
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Weavers.
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What is the date of this charter?
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1155
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Which is the senior Livery Company of the Great Twelve?
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Mercers (merchants, especially exporters of wool and importers of velvet, silk etc); established 1394.
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Name the sculptor of the HSBC Gates on Peter’s Hill.
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Sir Anthony Caro (born 1924).
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In which City church is there a statue of Charles I?
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St Katherine Cree, Leadenhall Street.
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In which church was the C19 poet John Keats baptised?
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St Botolph-without-Bishopsgate.
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Who carved the relief on the Monument?
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Caius Gabriel Cibber (1630-1700).
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What is the weathervane of St Nicholas Cole Abbey?
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A three-masted ship (galleon).
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Which gate was added to the City in the Middle Ages?
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Moorgate.
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Where is the London Stock Exchange?
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Paternoster Square.
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Which livery companies may be at sixes and sevens?
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Merchant Taylors and Skinners (exchange sixth and seventh place every year).
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Which livery companies are involved in swan upping?
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Vintners and Dyers.
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What offices must a Lord Mayor have held in order to be elected?
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Sheriff and Alderman.
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Where is there a plaque to Ebenezer Howard, founder of the Garden City movement?
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Moor House, 120 London Wall (west-side corner with Moorfields).
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Who was the only signatory of Magna Carta who was not a Baron or Bishop?
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William Hardell, Mayor of London.
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For what might we know Peter de Colechurch?
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Built first stone London Bridge (constructed 1176-1209).
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In which church will you find the Newgate Prison execution bell?
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St Sepulchre-without-Newgate, Holborn Viaduct (linked by underground passage to Newgate Prison, site of Old Bailey).
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Who occupied the site of present Cutlers’ Hall?
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Royal College of Physicians, 1674-1825.
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What is the gold/silver hallmark for London?
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Leopard’s head.
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Which clock in London was the first to have a minute hand?
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St Dunstan in the West, Fleet Street (dates from 1671).
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Which City church has a station underneath it?
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St Mary Woolnoth is on top of Bank station (Nicholas Hawksmoor, 1716-27).
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Who is the architect of the Guildhall Art Gallery?
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Richard Gilbert Scott (commissioned 1980, opened 1999).
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What is the weathervane of St Mary le Bow?
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Dragon (flying dragon on golden ball).
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In what year was the Bank of England founded?
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1694 – by William Paterson (1658-1719).
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In which street is there a bust of Charles Lamb, the early-C19 essayist?
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Giltspur Street – sculpted by Sir William Reynolds-Stephens, 1935.(Lamb’s dates: 1775-1834.)
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Who lives in the Old Deanery?
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Bishop of London (previously lived Fulham Palace) – located Dean’s Yard, just south-west of St Paul’s.
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With which church do you associate Rahere?
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Rahere (d 1144) founded St Bartholomew the Great in 1123.
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Who was William Wallace, to whom there is a plaque in Smithfield?
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Scottish patriot (c1272-1305) – hanged, drawn and quartered at Smithfield.
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Which livery hall displays the dagger that is said to have killed Wat Tyler?
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Fishmongers’ Hall – William Walworth (d 1385), Lord Mayor of London and member of the Fishmongers’ Guild, killed Tyler.
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Which livery company has its hall at the north end of London Bridge?
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Fishmongers.
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Which livery company has its hall at the north end of Southwark Bridge?
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Vintners.
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Who founded the London penny post?
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William Dockwra (1635-1716), 1680.
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Where is Hogarth’s The Good Samaritan to be seen?
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Great Hall Staircase, St Bartholomew’s Hospital.
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What is the Silent Change?
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Admission of new Lord Mayor (at Guildhall on Friday before Lord Mayor’s Show).
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Who painted the panels on the Lord Mayor’s coach?
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Giovanni Battista Cipriani (1727-85) – founder member of RA.
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Why does the Lord Mayor’s procession stop at St Paul’s Cathedral?
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To receive blessing of Dean of St Paul’s.
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Who designed Mansion House?
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George Dance the Elder (1695-1768) – built 1739-52.
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Who was the sculptor of the water feature at Lloyd’s Register of Shipping?
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William Pye.
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Where is Hogarth’s The Rake’s Progress to be seen?
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Soane’s Museum, Lincoln’s Inn Fields (Westminster).
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Which is the 108th livery company?
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Security Professionals (Feb 2008).
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With which church is the Butterworth Charity linked?
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St Bartholomew the Great, Cloth Fair. (Distribution of hot cross buns on Good Friday.)
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Which livery company gathers to listen to the Bubble Sermon?
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Stationers.
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Who endowed the City of London School in 1442?
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John Carpenter (d1442), town clerk of London.
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Which four livery companies have their coats of arms around the central area of St Paul’s?
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Mercers, Grocers, Goldsmiths, Merchant Taylors.
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After which queen is Queenhythe named?
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Matilda, wife of Henry I – paid for first public lavatory (dock just west of Southwark Bridge).
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Where is the heart of Queen Eleanor of Provence (wife of Henry III) buried?
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Christ Church, Newgate Street aka Greyfriars (only tower and garden remaining).
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Which years are covered by Pepys’s diaries?
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1660 to 1669.
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Who designed All Hallows London Wall?
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George Dance the Younger (1741-1825); built 1765-67.
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From which church tower did Samuel Pepys watch the progress of the Great Fire in September 1666?
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That of All Hallows by the Tower (also called Barking),
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Where is the Egyptian Hall?
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Mansion House (designed by George Dance the Elder (1695-1768) and built 1739-52).
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In which street is there an outdoor statue of Mary, Queen of Scots?
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Fleet Street (Queen of Scots House, 143-4 Fleet Street).
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Why are there at least three churches dedicated to St Botolph?
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Patron saint of travellers – so churches located by city gates for travellers arriving and departing.
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Where can you see the face of Sir Winston Churchill in the centre of the signs of the Zodiac?
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Bracken House, Cannon Street (astrological clock/calendar made by Thwaites & Reed, oldest clock makers in world).
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With which church do you associate the Samaritans?
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St Stephen Walbrook – founded 1953 by rector Chad Varah.
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Where in the City is there a street signed East Street?
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Finsbury Circus.
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What is the destination of the Lord Mayor’s Show?
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Royal Courts of Justice (starts from the Guildhall).
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Who was the first Mayor of London?
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Henry Fitz-Ailwyn, in 1189.
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What is the name of the passage under the north end of Southwark Bridge?
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Fruiterers’ Passage.
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Why is Restitutus considered the first Bishop of London?
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Attended Council of Arles in 314.
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Who was Mellitus?
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C7 Bishop of London (missionary from Rome who became Bishop in 604; founded St Paul’s Cathedral, i.e. first Saxon building on site).
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When was the last Lord Mayor’s procession using livery company barges on the Thames?
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1856
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Who is the Admiral of the Port of London?
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Lord Mayor.
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Which livery company is commemorated on John Stow’s tomb?
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Merchant Taylors (Stow was a member).
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What is the name of the only fire station in the City?
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Dowgate Fire Station (on Upper Thames Street).
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Who was Anne Mowbray, whose coffin was discovered in Minories in the 1960s?
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Duchess of York (1472-81) –married to younger son of Edward IV at age of five.
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Where was the Armada Thanksgiving Service held, attended by Elizabeth I?
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St Paul’s Cathedral (in December 1588).
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Where are two mice to be seen eating cheese?
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13 Philpot Lane (between Fenchurch Street and Eastcheap).
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With what trade do you connect the name Staple, as in Staple Inn?
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The wool trade (“staple commodity”).
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Where is there a memorial to John Stow, the C16 chronicler?
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St Andrew Undershaft, St Mary Axe. (Stow’s dates: c1525-1605.)
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Who supplies the horses that pull the LM’s coach?
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Waldburgs (based Peterborough).
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Where are the graves of Daniel Defoe, John Bunyan and William Blake?
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Bunhill Fields, off City Road (between Old Street and Moorgate stations – in Islington but maintained by City).
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Whose statue stands in front of St Paul’s Cathedral?
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Queen Anne (1665-1714) –R.C. Belt and L.A. Malempré 1884-86 after Francis Bird 1709-12.
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Where was Isaak Walton’s Compleat Angler published in 1653?
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St Dunstan in the West, Fleet Street. (Richard Marriott (d1679) had shop in churchyard.)
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Where did the Dominicans have their headquarters in London?
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Blackfriars (moved from Holborn 1276).
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Which is the only Nicholas Hawksmoor church in the City?
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St Mary Woolnoth, Lombard Street / King William Street (1716-27).
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Name the four busts in the covered way to the Guildhall Art Gallery.
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Samuel Pepys, Oliver Cromwell, William Shakespeare, Christopher Wren (Tim Crawley, 1999).
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When is the Lord Mayor elected?
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Michaelmas Day, 29 September (or nearest weekday).
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Who is the only person who takes precedence over the Lord Mayor in the City?
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The Sovereign.
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In which church will you find a bust of Admiral Philip, governor of the first colony in Australia?
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St Mary-le-Bow, Cheapside.
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Who was Ethelburga?
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C7 Abbess of Barking, sister of St Erkenwald, Bishop of London.
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Where can you find windows commemorating Sir Henry Wood and Dame Nellie Melba?
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St Sepulchre-without-Newgate.
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In which street can a camel train be seen?
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Eastcheap (Peek House, 20 Eastcheap, corner with Lovat Lane – stone relief by William Theed).
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Whose device is the Lamb and Flag?
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Middle Temple (adopted from Knight’s Templars).
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For how long was London Bridge the only crossing of the Thames below Kingston?
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Until 1729 (Putney Bridge built).
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When was the display of executed heads on London Bridge discontinued?
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1678 (William Stayley beheaded).
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Which King expelled the Jewish community?
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Edward I (lived 1239-1307, reigned 1272-1307).
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In which year was this?
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1290
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What was Steelyard?
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Headquarters of Hanseatic League (from German Stalhof).
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Where was it?
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Dowgate Hill, where Cannon Street Station is now.
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Where were royal illegitimate births announced?
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St Paul’s Cross.
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How do pupils of Sir John Cass School annually commemorate their founder?
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Wear red feathers (at service at St Botolph’s Aldgate, February).
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Where is the earliest known sword rest in the City?
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St Helen Bishopsgate (1665).
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Where was Edward Lloyd originally buried?
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St Mary Woolnoth (graves moved when Bank station built).
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Who is the Governor of the Bank of England?
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Mervyn King.
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Whose symbol is the demi-virgin?
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Mercers.
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What is the supposed significance of the Golden Boy at Pye Corner?
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Where Great Fire ended (sin of gluttony supposedly its cause: started at Pudding Lane and ended at Pye Corner).
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Where was the source of the stone used in building the Roman Wall around the City?
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Maidstone, Kent (Kentish ragstone).
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What is on the front of a City policeman’s helmet?
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City coat of arms.
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What is unusual about the statue of Justice above the Old Bailey (Central Criminal Court)?
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She is not blindfolded (as she is in several other nearby representations).
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Who are the architects of No 1 Poultry?
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Sir James Stirling (1926-92) and Michael Wilford (b1938).
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Where was Alexander Pope born?
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Plough Court, off Lombard Street. (Dates: 1688-1744.)
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Which livery hall is at the south end of London Bridge?
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Glaziers’ Hall.
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Where will you find a statue of Hodge?
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Gough Square (Dr Johnson’s cat – by Jon Bickley 1997).
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In which City church is there an altar by Henry Moore?
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St Stephen Walbrook.
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Who is the architect for One New Change?
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Jean Nouvel (with Sidell Gibson).
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What was sold at the sign of Pasqua Rosee’s head?
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Coffee. (He was Armenian servant of Daniel Edwards; opened coffee house 1652 in St Michael’s Alley, Cornhill.)
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Whose symbol is the grasshopper?
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Sir Thomas Gresham (c1519-79) and family.
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Which company is associated with the Knollys Rose Ceremony?
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Watermen and Lightermen (illegal footbridge over Seething Lane 1381).
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Where was the trial of Lady Jane Grey held?
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Guildhall (13 November 1553).
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Which two fortifications did William I build in the City apart from the White Tower?
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Baynard’s Castle and Montfichet’s Castle.
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Name the female statue on Temple Bar.
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Anne of Denmark (1574-1619, wife of James I).
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Outside which building is there a Polar sundial in the City?
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City of London School (Paul’s Walk, near Millennium Bridge – presented by Tylers and Bricklayers).
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Where is there a memorial to Malta GC?
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Byward Street (in front of All Hallows by the Tower).
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On what site is the Central Criminal Court?
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Site of Newgate Prison.
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Which livery hall has a chapel?
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Mercers’ Hall.
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Who cries out “Oyez! Oyez! Oyez!” in Common Hall?
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Common Cryer / Serjeant-at-Arms.
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By whom were the heralds of the sovereigns of England first incorporated?
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Richard III (1484).
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Who paid the rent of a red rose, ten loads of hay and ten pounds to the Bishop of Ely?
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Sir Christopher Hatton (c1540-91, a favourite of Elizabeth I).
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… and for what?
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Ely Place.
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Where did the Bank of England first open its books?
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Mercers’ Hall.
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Which famous playwright owned a house in Ireland Yard?
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William Shakespeare (1564-1616).
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Where would you find a hagioscope in the City?
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St Helen Bishopsgate.
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Where is Drake’s cupboard?
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Middle Temple Hall.
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Which medieval ward was created entirely outside the wall?
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Bridge Without.
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When was it abolished?
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1978
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Who is commemorated by the pub called The Hung Drawn and Quartered?
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Major-General Thomas Harrison (for regicide – witnessed by Samuel Pepys 13 Oct 1660).
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Which livery hall is on water?
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Master Mariners (HQS Wellington, off Temple Stairs on Victoria Embankment).
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Prior to 1609 what were the supporters of the City Shield in the coat of arms?
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Lions (now dragons).
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Which was the first of the religious houses in London to be dissolved?
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Holy Trinity Aldgate (1532).
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Who is the sculptor for the Knights Templars on the south side of Temple Church?
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Nicola Hicks (b1960).
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Where did the preacher John Wesley feel his heart “strangely warmed”?
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Aldersgate.
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Where is the architect John Vanbrugh buried but has no memorial?
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St Stephen Walbrook.
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Which bank trades at the sign of the Golden Bottle?
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Hoares.
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In which street is the former Goslings Bank?
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Fleet Street.
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What was the sign of Goslings Bank?
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Three squirrels.
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Why is there a statue to Elizabeth Fry in the Central Criminal Court?
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She was a prison reformer who worked in Newgate Prison.
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Who lived for 14 years in rooms above Aldgate?
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Geoffrey Chaucer.
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Which church is beneath St Paul’s Cathedral?
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St Faith’s.
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Where is the City’s first public drinking fountain?
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Corner of Holborn Viaduct and Giltspur Street (by St Sepulchre without Newgate, 1859).
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With which church is Tubby Clayton’s Toc H movement associated?
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All Hallows by the Tower (aka All Hallows Barking).
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What is on the top of St Olave Jewry tower?
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Ship (weathervane).
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From which church did it come?
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St Mildred Poultry.
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Where is there a little statue of the artist George Frederick Watts?
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Postman’s Park (in the loggia).
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Where was the C19 Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli christened?
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St Andrew Holborn (1817).
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Where is there a plaque to Disraeli in the City?
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Frederick’s Place.
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In which City street was the poet Thomas Gray born?
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Cornhill. (Dates: 1716-71.)
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Where did A Comedy of Errors have its first performance?
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Gray’s Inn Hall.
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Which City church straddles two wards?
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St Margaret Lothbury.
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Where is John Milton buried?
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St Giles Cripplegate.
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Who was the architect of Leadenhall Market?
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Sir Horace Jones (1819-87).
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Who was the first Governor of the Bank of England?
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Sir John Houblon (1632-1712).
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What is the colour of a Common Councilman’s gown?
|
Mazarine blue.
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Which City institution still uses a quill pen?
|
Lloyd’s.
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Where in Fleet Street did Sweeney Todd have his barber shop?
|
Hen and Chicken Court (by St Dunstan in the West).
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When was the last public hanging outside the Old Bailey?
|
1868 (Michael Barrett for Fenian bombing at Clerkenwell).
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Where was Oliver Cromwell married?
|
St Giles Cripplegate.
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Where will you find an external statue of James Hulbert in the City?
|
Fishmongers’ Hall (died 1724 and left his fortune to the Company).
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Where in the City is there a statue called Fulcrum?
|
Broadgate (Richard Serra, 1986-87).
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Where is Tellson’s Bank from Charles Dickens’s Tale of Two Cities?
|
Child’s Bank, Fleet Street.
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Where is the painting of the Pool of Bethesda?
|
St Bartholomew’s Hospital (Great Hall Staircase, Hogarth).
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Which station connects with the Central Line and the Docklands Light Railway in the City?
|
Bank.
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Where can you see plaques to commemorate heroes who died trying to save others?
|
Postman’s Park.
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Where in the City is the sculpture known as Rush Hour?
|
Broadgate (George Segal, 1983-87).
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With which priory was Sir Thomas More linked?
|
Charterhouse.
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Where is Sir Henry Wood buried?
|
St Sepulchre-without-Newgate (Holborn Viaduct.)
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When does the Lord Mayor carry the Crystal Sceptre?
|
The coronation.
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|
Which Dickens novel described the Gordon Riots of 1780?
|
“Barnaby Rudge”.
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What was originally on the site of Mansion House?
|
Stocks Market.
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What is the present name of Stinking Lane?
|
King Edward Street.
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Name the two statues on the north side of the Royal Exchange?
|
Dick Whittington, Sir Hugh Myddleton.
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|
What is on the top of the Monument?
|
Flaming urn.
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What is the colour of a City policeman’s buttons?
|
Gilt.
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What was the official title of the Blackfriars?
|
Dominicans.
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Whom do liverymen elect in Common Hall on Midsummer’s Day?
|
Sheriffs.
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|
Who elects the Recorder of London?
|
Court of Aldermen.
|
|
Where was the fourth St Botolph’s church?
|
Billingsgate (Lower Thames Street).
|
|
Who sponsored the restoration of the Cleary Gardens in 2007?
|
Loire Valley Wines.
|
|
Which City church has an external clock dated 1709?
|
St Magnus the Martyr.
|
|
Where was Thomas Becket born?
|
Ironmonger Lane.
|
|
Who is the Chancellor of the City University?
|
Lord Mayor.
|
|
How are the City’s Open Spaces funded?
|
City cash (i.e. not public money).
|
|
Who decides whether or not to confer honorary Freedom of the City?
|
Court of Common Council.
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Who presents petitions on behalf of the City to Parliament?
|
Remembrancer.
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Where can you find Elisabeth Frink’s Paternoster?
|
Paternoster Square.
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|
Who discovered Grinling Gibbons and introduced him to Sir Christopher Wren?
|
John Evelyn (1620-1706).
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|
What is the name of the sculpture outside St Botolph Aldgate?
|
“Sanctuary” (Naomi Blake, 1985).
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|
Which livery company has the motto “I am spoken of all over the world as the one who helps”?
|
Apothecaries.
|
|
Who was the sculptor for the Vintners’ Company’s statue of their Barge Master and Swan?
|
Vivien Mallock.
|
|
Who founded St Paul’s School?
|
Dean John Colet (Dean of St Paul’s Cathedral, in 1509).
|
|
What was the original name of the Grocers’ Company?
|
Pepperers.
|
|
Which City church suffered a very serious fire in 1988?
|
St Mary at Hill.
|
|
Name the horse above Cutler’s Gardens in Middlesex Street.
|
Rebellion (Judy Boyt, 1992-93).
|
|
What stands on the site of Doctors’ Commons?
|
Faraday Building.
|
|
Which livery company has two masters in office at the same time?
|
Cooks.
|
|
On which City building can the head of the architect Sir John Soane be seen?
|
Carpenters’ Hall.
|
|
Which livery company features Noah’s Ark on its coat of arms?
|
Shipwrights.
|
|
Which livery company supports Oundle School?
|
Grocers.
|
|
Which City church was designed by Nathaniel Wright?
|
St Botolph Aldersgate.
|
|
Who designed the present Royal Exchange?
|
Sir William Tite (1798-1873).
|
|
Which livery company master serves for two years?
|
Bowyers.
|
|
Where is the City’s only public swimming baths?
|
Golden Lane (Leisure Centre).
|
|
In which street is The Cordwainer?
|
Watling Street.
|
|
In which pub are the words “Never advertise – tell a gossip”?
|
Blackfriars.
|
|
Which was the first post-war building in the City to be listed?
|
Bracken House (FT building – designed by Sir Albert Richardson).
|
|
Oberammagau presented a rood to which church?
|
St Mary-le-Bow.
|
|
When was the order of precedence for the livery companies established?
|
1515
|
|
Who designed the 1831 London Bridge?
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Sir John Rennie (Scottish engineer, 1761-1821).
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Where is the bridge now?
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Lake Havasu City, Arizona.
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Where is there a bowling green in the City?
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Finsbury Circus Gardens.
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What tops the east tower of the Royal Exchange?
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Grasshopper (symbol of Sir Thomas Gresham).
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What replaced De Keyser’s Royal Hotel?
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Unilever House (north end of Blackfriars Bridge).
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Where is there an external statue of Henry FitzAilwyn?
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Holborn Viaduct.
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Where is the City cemetery and crematorium?
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Manor Park.
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Whose plaque is at Ludgate Circus?
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Edgar Wallace (1875-1932).
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Where was the William Pitt Bridge?
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Blackfriars.
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Who carved the marble altar in St Stephen Walbrook?
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Henry Moore (1898-1986).
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In which church is there a wooden font cover by Grinling Gibbons?
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All Hallows by the Tower (aka All Hallows Barking).
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Which City institution has the motto “My word is my bond”?
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London Stock Exchange.
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And which has the motto “Our word our bond”?
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Baltic Exchange.
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Who designed the Millennium Measure on the River Walkway?
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Joanna Migdal.
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Of which famous architect was Sir John Soane the pupil?
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George Dance the Younger (1741-1825).
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Who is the Bishop of London?
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Richard Chartres.
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Name the three towers of Barbican.
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Lauderdale, Cromwell and Shakespeare.
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Which City official wears a tall fur hat?
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Sword Bearer.
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What is the fur?
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Sable.
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Whose device is Pegasus, the winged horse?
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Inner Temple.
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Where is St Paul’s School now based?
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Barnes (south of river).
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Who was the architect of Tower 42?
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Richard Seifert (1910-2001).
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Where will you find 12 lamp standards donated by the 12 Great Livery Companies?
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Royal Exchange forecourt.
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Why was there no Lord Mayor’s Show in 1852?
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Duke of Wellington’s funeral.
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What was on the site of Leadenhall Market?
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Roman basilica / forum.
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Which livery company conducts the trial of the Pyx?
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Goldsmiths.
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Which livery company has the cakes and ale ceremony?
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Stationers.
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Which famous poet worked at Lloyds Bank on Cornhill?
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T.S. Eliot (1888-1965).
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Which famous author worked at the Bank of England?
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Kenneth Grahame (1859-1932, author of “The Wind in the Willows”).
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Where are the Coal Exchange dragons today?
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Victoria Embankment (acting as boundary markers).
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Where in the City can you see the only statue of Henry VIII?
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St Bartholomew’s Hospital gateway.
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Which Livery Company opened a new Hall in 2005?
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Furniture Makers.
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Of which company was Samuel Pepys a member?
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Clothworkers.
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Who conducts the Trial of the Pyx?
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Queen’s Remembrancer.
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Why is there a canopy over the witness box in No 1 Court Old Bailey?
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Reminder that court used to be held in open air.
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Who are the two companies without livery?
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Parish Clerks and Watermen & Lightermen.
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Where was Peter de Colechurch buried?
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Chapel of Thomas a Becket (on old London Bridge).
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Who was the sculptor for the bust of Samuel Pepys in Seething Lane Gardens?
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Karin Jonzen (1914-98).
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Where is the former HQ of Reuters in the City?
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Fleet Street.
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Who was the architect?
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Sir Edwin Lutyens (1869-1944).
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Why is there a statue to the Duke of Wellington at Bank junction?
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Gratitude for help in building King William Street (statue erected 1844, Wellington died 1852).
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Where was Garraway’s Coffee House?
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Change Alley.
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Name Anthony Gormley’s statue in Shoe Lane?
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“Resolution”.
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Where was Samuel Pepys christened?
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St Bride Fleet Street.
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Name the three methods of admission to becoming a Freeman of the City?
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Patrimony, redemption (i.e. nomination) and servitude (i.e. apprenticeship).
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Which church has the epitaph, “She deceased; he for a little tried to live without her, liked it not and died”?
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St Bartholomew the Great.
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