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107 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
testis, or testicle (pl. testes, or testicles) |
primary male sex organs, paired, oval-shaped & enclosed in a sac called the scrotum. -the testes produce spermatozoa (sperm cells) & the hormone testosterone |
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sperm (spermatozoon, pl. spermatozoa) |
the microscopic male germ cell, which, when united w/ the ovum, produced a zygote (fertilized egg) that with subsequent development becomes an embryo |
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testosterone |
the principle male sex hormone. function: to stimulate the development of the male reproductive organs & secondary sex characteristics (facial hair) |
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seminiferous tubules |
approximately 900 coiled tubes within the testes in which spermatogenesis occurs |
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epididymis |
coiled duct atop each of the testes that provides for storage, transit, and maturation of spermatozoa; continuous w/ the vas deferens |
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vas deferens, ductus deferens, or seminal duct |
duct carrying the sperm from the epididymus to the urethra. -The spermatic cord encloses each vas deferns w/ nerves, lymphatics, arteries, & veins. The urethra also connects w/ the urinary bladder & carries urine outside the body. A circular muscle constricts during sexual intercourse. |
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seminal vesicles |
2 main glands located @ the base of the bladder that open into the vas deferens. -The glands secrete a thick fluid, which forms part of the semen. |
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prostate gland |
encircles the upper end of the urethra -The prostate gland secretes a fluid that aids in the movement of the sperm and ejaculation |
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scrotum |
sac suspended on both sides of & just behind the penis -The testes are enclosed in the scrotum |
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penis |
male organ of urination & copulation (sexual intercourse) |
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glans penis |
enlarged tip on the end of the penis |
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prepuce |
fold of skin covering the glans penis in uncircumcised males (foreskin of the penis) |
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semen |
composed of sperm, seminal fluids, & other secretions |
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genitalia (genitals) |
reproductive organs (male of female) |
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balan/o |
glans penis |
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epididym/o |
epididymis |
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orchid/o orchi/o orch/o test/o |
testis, testicle |
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prostat/o |
prostate gland |
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vas/o |
vessel, duct |
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vesicul/o |
seminal vesicle |
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andr/o |
male |
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sperm/o, spermat/o |
spermatozoon (pl. spermatozoa), sperm |
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-ism |
state of |
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anorchism |
state of absence of testis (unilateral or bilateral) |
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balanitis |
inflammation of the glans penis |
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balanorrhea |
discharge from the glans penis |
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benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) |
excessive development pertaining to the prostate gland (nonmalignant enlargement of the prostate gland) |
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cryptorchidism |
state of hidden testes -failure of the testes to descend from the abdominal cavity into the scrotum before birth results in cryptorchidism (undescended testicles) |
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epididymitis |
inflammation of the epididymis |
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orchiepididymitis |
inflammation of the testes & epididymis |
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orchitis, orchiditis, or testitis |
inflammation of the testis of testicle |
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prostatitis |
inflammation of the prostate gland |
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prostatocystitis |
inflammation of the prostate gland of the bladder |
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prostatolith |
stone in the prostate gland |
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prostatorrhea |
discharge from the prostate gland |
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prostatovesiculitis |
inflammation of the prostate gland & seminal vesicles |
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erectile dysfunction (ED) |
the inability of the male to attain or maintain an erection sufficient to perform sexual intercourse (impotence) |
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hydrocele |
scrotal swelling caused by a collection of a fluid |
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phimosis |
a tightness of the prepuce (foreskin of the penis) that prevents its retraction over the glans penis -may be congenital or a result of balanitis -treatment: circumcision |
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priapism |
persistent abnormal erection of the penis accompanied by pain & tenderness |
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prostate cancer |
cancer of the prostate gland, usually occurring later in life |
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testicular cancer |
cancer of the testicle, usually occurring in men 15 to 35 years of age |
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testicular torsion |
twisting of the spermatic cord causing decreased blood flow to the testis;occurs most often during puberty -sudden onset of severe testicular or scrotal pain -is surgical emergency because lack of blood flow to testis |
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variocele |
enlarged veins of the spermatic cord |
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balanoplasty |
surgical repair of the glans penis |
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epididymectomy |
excision of an epididymis |
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orchidectomy, orchiectomy |
excision of the testis (bilateral orchidectomy is also called castration) |
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orchidopexy, orchiopexy |
surgical fixation of the testicle (performed to bring undescended testicle[s] into the scrotum) |
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orchidotomy, orchiotomy |
incision into the testis
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orchiplasty |
surgical repair of the testis |
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prostatectomy |
excision of the prostate gland |
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prostatocystotomy |
incision into the prostate gland & bladder |
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prostatolithotomy |
incision into the prostate to remove a stone |
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prostatovesiculectomy |
excision of the prostate gland & seminal vesicles |
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vasectomy |
excision of the duct (partial excision of the vas deferens bilaterally, resulting in male sterilization) |
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vasovasostomy |
creation of artificial openings between ducts (the severed ends of the vas deferens are reconnected in an attempt to restore fertility in men who have had a vasectomy) |
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vesiculectomy |
excision of the seminal vesicle(s) |
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circumcision |
surgical removal of the prepuce (foreskin) |
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hydrocelectomy |
surgical removal of a hydrocele |
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radical prostatectomy (RP) |
excision of the prostate gland w/ its capsule, seminal vesicles, vas deferns, & sometimes pelvic lymph nodes -performed by a retropubic, perineal, or laprscopic approach -used to treat prostate cancer |
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suprapubic prostatectomy |
excision of the prostate gland through an abdominal incision in the bladder -used to treat benign prostatic hyerplasia & prostate cancer (suprapubic transvesical prostatectomy) |
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transurethral incision of the prostate gland (TUIP) |
a surgical procedure that widens the urethra by making a few small incisions in the bladder neck & the prostate gland -no prostate tissue is removed -TUIP may be used instead of TURP when the prostrate gland is less enlarged |
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transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT) |
treatment that eliminates excess tissue present in benign prostatic hyperplasia by using heat generated by microwave |
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transurethral resection of the prostate gland (TURP) |
surgical removal of pieces of the prostate gland tissue by using a resectoscope inserted through the urethra. -the capsule is left intact -usually performed when the enlarged prostate gland interferes w/ urination |
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transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) |
an ultrasound procedure used to diagnose prostate cancer -sound waves were sent & received by a transducer in the form of a probe that is placed into the rectum -the sound waves are transformed into an image of the prostate gland |
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prostate-specific antigen (PSA) |
blood test that measures the level of prostate-specific antigen in the blood. -elevated test results=prostate cancer or excess prostate tissue |
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semen analysis |
microscopic observation of ejaculated semen revealing the size, structure, & movement of sperm -used to evaluate male infertility &determine effectiveness of a vasectomy (sperm count or sperm test) |
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digital rectal examination (DRE) |
physical examination in which the physician inserts a finger into the rectum & feels for the size & shape of the prostate gland through the rectal wall -used to screen for BPH & prostate cancer |
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andropathy |
disease of the male (specific to the male, such as testitis) |
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aspermia |
condition of being w/out sperm (or semen or ejaculation) |
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oligospermia |
condition of scanty sperm (in the semen; may contribute to infertility) |
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spermatolysis |
dissolution (destruction) of sperm |
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acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) |
disease that affects the body's immune system, transmitted by exchange of body fluid during the sexual act, reuse of contaminated needles, or receiving contaminated blood transfusions (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) |
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artificial insemination |
introduction of semen into the vagina by artificial means |
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azoospermia |
lack of live sperm in the semen |
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chlamydia |
sexually transmitted disease, or silent STD, because many people are not aware they have the disease. -symptoms: painful urination, discharge from the penis in men & genital itching, vaginal discharge, & bleeding between menstrual periods in women -cause: C. trachomatis |
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coitus |
sexual intercourse between male & female (copulation) |
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condom |
cover for the penis worn during coitus to prevent conception & the spread of sexually transmitted disease |
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ejaculation |
ejection of semen from the male urethra |
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genital herpes |
sexually transmitted disease caused by Herpesvirus hominis type 2 (herpes simplex virus) |
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gonads |
male & female sex glands |
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gonorrhea |
contagious, inflammatory sexually transmitted disease caused by bacterial organism that affects the mucous membranes of the genitourinary system |
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heterosexual |
person who is attracted to a member of the opposite sex |
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homosexual |
person who is attracted to a member of the same sex |
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human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) |
type of retrovirus that causes AIDS. -infects T-helper cells of the immune system, allowing for opportunistic infections such as candidiasis, Pneumocystis jiroveci pnemonia, turboculosis, and Kaposi sarcoma |
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human papillomavirus (HPV) |
a prevalent sexually transmitted disease causing benign or cancerous growths in male & female genitals (venereal warts) |
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infertility |
reduced or absent ability to produce offspring |
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orgasm |
climax of sexual stimulation |
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puberty |
period when secondary sex characteristics develop & the ability to reproduce sexually begins |
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sexually transmitted disease (STD) |
diseases transmitted during sexual contact
like: -syphilis -gonorrhea -genital herpes (venereal disease & sexually transmitted infection [STI]) |
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sterilization |
process that renders an individual unable to produce offspring |
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syphilis |
chronic infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum -usually transmitted by sexual contact -may be acquired in utero -or (less often) through direct contact w/ infected tissue |
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trichomoniasis |
sexually transmitted disease caused by a one-cell organism, Trichomonas. -infects genitourinary tract -men: asymptomatic or develop urethritis, enlarged prostate gland, or epididymitis -women: vaginal itching, dysuria, & vaginal or urethral discharge |
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AIDS |
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome |
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BPH |
benign prostatic hyperplasia |
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DRE |
digital rectal examination |
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ED |
erectile dysfunction |
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HIV |
human immunodeficiency virus |
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HPV |
human papillomavirus |
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PSA |
prostate-specific antigen |
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RP |
radical prostatectomy |
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STD |
sexually transmitted disease |
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TRUS |
transrectal ultrasound |
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TUIP |
transurethral incision of the prostate |
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TUMT |
transurethral microwave therapy
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TURP |
transurethral resection of the prostate |
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spermatocele |
scrotal swelling caused by distention of the epididymis containing an abnormal cyst-like collection of fluid & sperm cells |