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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Specific rules of behavior that are agreed upon and shared and that prescribe limits of acceptable behavior
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Norms
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The study of the sets of rules or guidelines that individuals use to initiate behavior, respond to behavior, and modify behavior
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Ethnomethodology
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Two or more people taking each other into account
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Social interaction
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A distance of between 4 and 12 feet; it is used in more impersonal business interactions
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Social Distance
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People struggling against one another for some commonly prized object or value
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Conflict
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Anything people are conscious of doing because of other people
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Social Action
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Planned, highly institutionalized and clearly defined statuses and role relationship
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Formal Structure
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A type of behavior that whites engage in that is offensive to blacks
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Curiosity factor
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Defininf boundaries choosing leaders making decisions assigning tasks and controlling new members' behavior
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Group functions
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The study of how slight nods, yawns, postural shift, nonverbal cues, and other body movements
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Kinesics
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A formal, rationally organized social structure with clearly defined patterns of activity in which, ideally, every series of actions is functionally related to the purpose of the organization
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Bureaucracy
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The domination of an organization by a small, self-serving, self-perpetuating group of people in positions of power and responsibility
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Oligarchy
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The ordered social relationships that grow out of the values,norms,statuses, and roles that organize those activities that fulfill society's fundamental needs
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Social institutions
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A group or social category that an individual uses to help define beliefs, attitudes, and values and to guide behavior
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Reference groups
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The smallest possible group; it contains two members
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Dyad
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A group consisting of three members
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Triad
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A splinter group within a larger group
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Subgroup
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One of the multiple statuses a person occupies that seems to dominate the others in patterning a person's life
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Master Status
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Statuses occupied as a result of an individual's actions
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Achieved status
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Culturally defined rules for proper behavior that are associated with every status
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Roles
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Conflicting demands attached to the same role
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Role strain
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An inability to enact the roles of one status without violating those of another status
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Role conflict
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People temporarily in physical proximity to one another, but who share little else
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Social aggregate
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A group that has relatively little intimacy, has specific goals, is formally organized and is impersonal
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Secondary group
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Someone who occupies a central role or position of dominance and influence in a group.
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Leader
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One of the first sociologist to stress the importance of social interactions; he also developed a model of bureaucracy
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Max Weber
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A pioneer in studying the context of social interaction
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Edward T. Hall
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A pioneer in defining and demonstrating the importance of primary groups
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Charles Horton Cooley
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The first sociologist to emphasize the effect of the size of a group on the interaction process
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George Simmel
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Conduct importante research showing that a substantial proportion of individual were willing to deny the evidence of their senses to conform to the group
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Solomon Asch
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Proposed that it was important to study the commonplace aspects of everyday life
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Harold Garfinkel
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A student of bureaucracy, he developed the Iron Law of Oligarchy
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Robert Michels
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Provided a glimpse of how blacks and whites offend each other without being aware of it.
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Lena Williams
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Developed an approach that focusedon how people try to create a favorable impression of themselves and the manner in which others judge their performances
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Ervin Goffman
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