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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What type of microscope would be best for studying the detailed structure of the surface of a plasma membrane? |
Scanning electron microscope |
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Diffusion is an example of |
Passive transport |
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In a hypotonic solution, an animal cell will |
Lyse (explode) |
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The act of a white blood cell engulfing a bacterium is |
Phagocytosis |
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What name is given to the organelle that manufactures the components of ribosomes? |
Nucleolus |
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Which of the following is a function of the plasma membrane? |
Regulation of the passage of material into and out of the cell |
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Similar to the nucleus, chloroplasts and mitochondria are |
Surrounded by two membranes |
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Osmosis can be defined as |
The diffusion of water |
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Oxygen crosses a plasma membrane by |
Passive transport |
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Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis? |
Chloroplast |
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Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus? |
Protein modification |
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What theory states that all living things are composed of cells? |
Cell theory |
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When two solutions that differ in solute concentration are placed on either side of a selectively permeable membrane, and osmosis is allowed to take place, the water will |
Exhibit a net movement to the side with lower water concentration |
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Active transport |
Can involve the transport of ions, uses ATP as an energy source, can move dilutes against their concentration gradient, and requires the cell to expand energy |
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The two basic type of cells are |
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic |
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Lysosomes are responsible for |
Digestion of organic matter inside the cell |
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The passive movement of molecules along a concentration gradient is called |
Diffusion |
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In eukaryotic cells, what name is given to the region between the nucleus and the plasma membrane? |
Cytoplasm |
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Microtubules are associated with |
Flagella, cilia, cell shape, and chromosome movement |
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Functions of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum include |
Lipid synthesis, steroid synthesis, and drug detoxification |
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Phospholipids |
Major lipids of plasma membranes |
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Why, when mixed with water, do phospholipids spontaneously form membranes? |
Phospholipids have hydrophilic phosphate groups that are attracted to water and hydrophobic fatty acid tails that avoid water |
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In a hypotonic solution, a plant cell will |
Become turgid |
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The nuclear envelope is composed of |
A double membrane |
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The endomembrane system includes |
Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, and the endoplasmic reticulum |
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Which of the following is not a type of cytoskeletal fiber that can be used for motion? |
Pili |
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In plant cells, _____ may contain organic nutrients, pigments, and poisons |
Central vacuoles |
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As cells increase in size, cell _______ increase more rapidly than cell _______. |
Volume; surface area |
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When using a light microscope to view a cell you obtained from scraping under your fingernails, you notice that the cell lacks a nucleus; therefore, you conclude that the cell must be a type of ________ cell. |
Prokaryotic |
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A cell that neither gains nor loses water when is immersed of a solution is ______. |
Isotonic to its environment |
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Facilitated diffusion across a biological membrane requires _______ and moves a substance _______ it's concentration gradient. |
Transport proteins . . . Down |
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You find a cell of a type you have never seen before. The cell has both a nucleus and a cell wall. Therefore, you conclude that it must be a ______ cell. |
Plant |
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Plant cells, unlike animal cells, are characterized by the presence of a _______. |
Cell wall and central vacuole |
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Which of the following is not found in animal cells? |
Central Vacuole |
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______ is to eating as _____ is to drinking. |
Phagocytosis . . . Pinocytosis |
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The endosymbiotic theory is supported by all of the following evidence except |
Mitochondria have a matrix |
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One difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells is that eukaryotic cells ______ prokaryotic cells. |
Have a membrane-bound organelles, which are lacking in |
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Resolution |
The minimum distance two points can be apart and still be distinguished as two separate points |
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The structural combination of DNA and protein forms ______. |
Chromatin |
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What name is given to the organelle that manufactures the components of ribosomes? |
Nucleolus |
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Which of the following organelles is NOT defined by a membrane? |
Ribosome |
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Where does protein synthesis take place? |
On ribosomes |
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Information is transferred from the nucleus to ribosomes via____. |
RNA |
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Which of the following is NOT a component of the endomembrane system? |
Ribosome |
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A hormone destined for secretion from the cell would be manufactured by ribosomes ________. |
Attached to the endoplasmic reticulum |
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What structures move proteins from the ER to the Golgi apparatus? |
Transport vesicles |
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Based on its functions in detoxifying drugs, you would expect to find a large amount of smooth ER in _______ cells. |
Liver |
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Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus? |
Protein modification |
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Microtubules are a component of _______. |
The cytoskeleton |
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Certain cells that line the stomach synthesize a digestive enzyme and secrete it into the stomach. This enzyme is a protein. Which of the following processes could be responsible for its secretion? |
Exocytosis |