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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
the brain occupies _______ of space inside the skull
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80-90%
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flat bones that are fused together to form helmet like covering is called the...
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cranial skull
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made up of many seperate pieces of bone and is the weakest part of the skull is called...
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basilar skull, or floor of the skull
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this fluid is made by the brain and protects the brain and spinal cord against impact
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cerebrospinal fluid
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athe surface of the brain is protected by these three layers of tissues called
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meninges
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the outermost layer of the meninges is called the
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dura mater (hard mother) composed of a double layer of tough fiborous tissue
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the middle layer of the meninges is called the
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arachnoid
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the bottom layer of the meninges that is in contact with the brain is called
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the pia mater (soft mother)
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the arachnoid membrane and the pia mater are seperated by a lattice of fibrous spongy tissue filled with cerebrospinal fluid called the
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subarachnoid space
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bleeding that occurs between the dura mater and the skull is called
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epidural bleeding and involves the brains outermost arteries
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bleeding that occurs beneath fhte dura is called
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subdural bleeding this is ussually venous
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bleeding that occurs betweeen the arachnoid membrane and the surface of the brain is called
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subarachnoid hemorrhage
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the largest part of the brain comprising 3/4 of the brains volume
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cerebrum
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the little brain controls equilibrium and coordinate muscle activity is called
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cerebellum
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the brains funnel shaped infereior part,
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brain stem
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if the skull is intact and no openingd to the brain the injury is called a
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closed head injury
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a break in the skull is called an
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open head injury
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injury to the brain that results from shearing tearing and stretching of nerve fibers is called
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diffuse axonal injury (DAI)
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a ______________________ is the most important sign in cases of suspected head injury
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decreased mental status
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_____________indicates an upper level brain stem injury
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flexion posturing or decorticate posturing
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a purplish bruising of soft tissues around one or both eyes can be an indication or intracranial injury
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raccoon sign
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a purplish bruising or the mastoid area behind the ear
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battles sign
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signs and symptoms of head injury
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altered mental status, decreasing mental status, irregular breathing, increased blood pressure and decreasing pulse, blood or cerebral spinal fluid from ears or nose, raccoon sign, battles sign, absent motory function, nausea and vomiting, unequal pupils, retrograde amnesia, anterograde amnesia
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if signs of severe head injury is present consider this
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heyperventilation at a rate of 20 bpm
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this is a mild diffuse axonal injury where there is stretching tearing and shearing of brain tissue
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concussion
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bruising and swelling of the brain tissue is called a
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contusion
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in ______________ there can be damage at the point of a blow to the head or damage to the opposite side
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coup contrcoup injury
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in _______________ the head comes to a sudden stop but the brain continues to move back and forth inside the skull
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accelertation/deceleration injuries
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collection of blood between the dura mater and the arachnoid layer is called
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subdural hematoma
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arterial or venous bleeding that pools between the skull and dura is called
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epidural hematoma
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