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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Know what makes a molecule organic and why carbon is so good at forming compounds. |
Carbon makes it organic and it's good at forming compounds because it has 4 valence electrons |
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Know what a monomer and polymer is and how they are formed and broken down (examples of monomers) |
Monomers: simple molecules that make up polymers(large organic molecules) Condensation: waters comes out and links molecules together Hydrolysis: breaks polymers apart by adding water to it |
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Carbohydrates can also be called what? |
Sugars |
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What are the monomers of carbohydrates? |
Monosaccharides |
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know the difference between a monosaccharide, disaccharide, and polysaccharide. |
Monosaccharides: have 1 carbon ring Disaccharide: 2 carbon rings Polysaccharide: more than 2 carbon rings |
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know the 3 most important monosaccharides in living organisms |
Glucose(C6H12O6) Ribose- backbone of RNA Deoxyribose-backbone of DNA |
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Know the four different forms of polysaccharides(polymers) addressed and their function. |
Starch- glucose stored in plants Glycogen-glucose stored in animals Cellulos-in plant wall(makes strong) Chitin- makes exoskeleton |
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Know the deference between fats and oils |
Fats are soild, oils are liquid Fats from animals, oil from plants |
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Know the monomers that makes them lipids |
Fatty acids (has COOH at the end) |
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Know the monomers that makes them lipids |
Fatty acids (has COOH at the end) |
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Know components of the different lipid polymers |
Triglycerides(fats/oils): 3 fatty acids; one glycerol back bone Phospholipids:phosphate head and 2 fatty acids Steroids: 4 carbon rings fused together |
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know what makes a compound a fatty acids and the difference between saturated, unsaturated and trans and cis fats. |
Saturated: no double bonds between atoms Unsaturated:has a double bond CIS: H on same side TRANS:H on opposite sides |
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How do DNA &RNA differ |
DNA is double stranded, RNA is single stranded DNA has nitrogen bases: AT CG RNA bases are CG AU DNA- genetic material RNA-dif functions DNA stays in nucleus, RNA can leave nuclus |
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Know the complementary base pairs. |
DNA: GC,AT RNA: GC,AU |
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Phospholipids- Know the basic structure of a phospholipid and where it is found in cells. |
Structure: phosphate head( loves water) hydrophilic with hydrophobic tail; found in cell membrane |
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Steroids- examples |
Cholesterol, Testosterone, Estrogen |
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know what monomers proteins are made of and what type of bond holds them together. |
Amino acids, held by peptide bonds |
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know the three structural components of an amino acid. |
Structural(keratin/collagen), Enzymes, Hormones, act as channels in cell membrane , antibodies |
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Know the 4 levels of organization of proteins |
Primary structure(straight lines); Secondary structure, Helix, Alpha Helix(coil), Beta cheet(folds);tertiary structure(two secondary bonded) 4th level folds more(Quaternary) |
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Know how a protein can be denatured(lose function) |
Extreme heat or Extreme pH |
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Know the function of an enzyme |
To lower activation energy of a reactant |
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Know what the monomers of nucleic acid |
RNA & DNA |
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Know structure of a nucleotide(3 components) |
Nitrogen base, sugar, phosphate |