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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Adenectomy
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excision of a gland
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K
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Potassium
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ACTH
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adrenocorticotropic hormone - stimulates adrenal cortex - secreted from anterior portion of pituitary gland
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Homeostasis
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tendency in an organism to return to a state of constancy and stability
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Calcitonin
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decreases levels of calcium in the blood stream, secreted by the thyroid gland
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Adrenal Cortex
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outer portion of the adrenal gland, secretes glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and sex hormones
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Adrenal Medulla
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inner portion of adrenal gland, secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine
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ADH
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antidiuretic hormone
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Hypercalcemia
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high amounts of calcium in blood, related to osteoporosis, and overproduction of parathyroid hormone
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Endocrinology
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study of the endocrine glands
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Electrolyte
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chemical element that carries a charge when dissolved in water - sodium, chloride and potassium are examples
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Androgen
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male sex hormone - testosterone is example
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Hypoinsulinism
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deficient insulin - cause of diabetes - cells cant metabolize sugar
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Epinephrine
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adrenaline - increases heart rate, breathing rate, blood pressure, etc.
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Adrenaline
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epinephrine
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Na
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Sodium, an electrolyte
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FBS
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fasting blood sugar - test for diabetes - should be below 100mg
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Hyperglycemia
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excessive sugar in blood - indicative of diabetes
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NIDDM
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non-isulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 2 diabetes -mature onset)
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FSH
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follicle-stimulating hormone - stimulates growth of eggs in ovaries
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Graves Disease
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thyrotoxicosis - overfunctioning of the thyroid gland - most common type of hyperthyroidism - hyperactivity, higher body temps, exophthalmos, weight loss
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Myxedema
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advanced hypothyroidism in adulthood - dkin becomes dry and puffy because of the collection of mucus-like material unmder the skin
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IDDM
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insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus - type 1 diabetes (juvenile diabetes)
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TSH
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thyroid-stimulating hormone - secreted by the anterior pituitary gland
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Differentiate endocrine versus exocrine glands. List examples of each
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Endocrine glands secrete with the body and exocrine glands secrete to the outside of the body
Endocrine: thyroid, pituitary, adrenal Exocrine: sweat, sebaceous |
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The adrenal medulla secretes two types of hormones:
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adrenaline and noradrenaline
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List the hormones release by the posterior pituitary gland
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Oxytocin and ADH
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Differentiate between genders, FSH and LH
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in females FSH & LH stimulate the growth of eggs and production of hormones and ovulation; in males FSH stimulates the production of sperm and LH stimulates production of testosterone
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What is the purpose of a fasting blood sugar.
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To determine blood glucose levels after not eating all night
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What is the difference between diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus?
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DM is about insulin malfunction; DI is about insufficient secretion of ADH
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Compare and contrast Type 1 versus Type 2 diabetes mellitus
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1: before age 30, rapid onset, no insulin, thin body weight, ketoacidosis;
2: after age 30, slow onset, insulin usually present, most are obese, seldom ketoacidosis |
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Mxyedema is associated with which endocrine disorder?
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hypothyroidism
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List the gland that secretes melatonin and is linked to seasonal affective disorder
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pineal gland
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Specialist that treats diseases and disorders of the internal secretion glands
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endocrinologist
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A group of signs and symptoms caused by excessive cortisol from the adrenal cortex
(two words) |
cushing syndrome
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Congenital hyposecretion of growth hormone
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dwarfism
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Excision or resection of a gland
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adenectomy
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Low sodium in the blood stream
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hyponatremia
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Maintaining a constant internal environment
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homeostasis
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Enlargement of the extremities
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acromegaly
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