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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
partitioning
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process of electronically subdividing the physical hard drives into groups of cylinders called partitions
C: D: |
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format the drive
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installs a file system onto the drive that organizes each partition
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basic disks
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creates MBR and partition table and stores them on the boot sector
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boot sector
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the first sector of the hard drive
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MBR
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tiny bit of code that takes control of the boot process from the system BIOS
look in the partition table for a valid OS |
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primary partitions
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designed to support bootable operating systems
up to 4 lettersC: - Z: |
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extended partitions
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not bootable
do not get letters only get 1 |
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logical drives
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after creating a extended you must create this
gets a letter D: - Z: |
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C:
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always reserved for the first primary partition in a window pc
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active partition
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on or off
at boot the MBR chooses which partition to load and boots that OS |
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volume boot sector
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stores information important to its partition
location of OS boot files every partition on a hard drive has one |
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dual boot
multi boot |
able to run more than one OS on a machine
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no fixed disk present
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forgot to tell CMOS to look for the hard drive
reboot, access CMOS and try setting the drive up again |
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basic volumes
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primary partitions and logical drives on basic disks
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dynamic storage partitioning
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dynamic disks
spanned volume make as many volumes as you want |
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spanned volume
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goes across more than one drive
risky - if one fails you lose all data |
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hidden partition
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primary partition that is hidden from your operating system
hide backup copies of OS incase you mess up |
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swap partition
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linux and BSD systems
act like RAM when your system needs it |
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root directory
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provides the foundation upon which the OS builds files and folders
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FAT file allocation table
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card catalog that keeps track of which sectors store the various parts of a file
data structure two column spreadsheet |
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FAT16
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16 bits
usb thumb drives |
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high level formatting
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OS located bad sectors, mark them as unusable, prevents files from being written on them
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clustering
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enables you to format partitions larger than 32 MB
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end of file marker
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FFFF last cluster
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bad sector
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FFF7
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fragmentation
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files in FAT start to separate
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disk defragmenter
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rearrange the files into neat contiguous chunks
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FAT32
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supports partitions up to 2 terabytes
32 bits to describe each cluster dont need defragmentation as often |
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New Technology File System NTFS
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redundancy
security compression encryption disk quotas cluster sizing |
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master file table MFT
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NTFS
a backup copy of the most cruicial parts of the MFT in the middle of the disk reduces the chance that a serious error can wipe out both the MFT and the copy |
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NFTS Security
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access control list
only one person can access a direct path of folders C:\programs\davids secrete folder |
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NFTS Compression
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save space by compressing
access is slower since you have to uncompress |
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NFTS Encryption
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right click my computer
properties advanced click encrypt contents to secure data **windows xp home and media center do not support EFS |
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NFTS Disk Quotas
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set quota on users hard drives
stops user from monopolizing hard drive must log in as admin right click hard drive/properties/quota tab/make changes |
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NFTS Cluster sizes
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you can adjust the cluster sizes unlike FAT16 and FAT32
supports partitions up to 16TB by default |
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disk management
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control panel
computer management applet start/run/diskmgmt.msc |
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foreign drive
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disk management
move a dynamic disk into another computer |
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formatting
(disk management) |
see this when formatting a drive
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failed
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disk is damaged or corrupt
lost data |
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online
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healthy and communicating properly
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offline
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the disk is either corrupted or having communication problems
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importing foreign drives
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right clicking the disk icon and selecting import foreign disks
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converting to dynamic disk
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right click and convert to dynamic
very safe and quick reversing it is not |
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dynamic disks supported by
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not supported by windows xp and windows vista home editions
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simple volumes
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dynamic disk
acts like primary partition |
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spanning volumes
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dynamic disk
if you run out of space, attach a new hard drive and span the volume - dont have to make new letters |
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striped volumes
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dynamic disk
spreads out blocks of each file across multiple disks faster dangerous - lose one drive lose all data |
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Mount points
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place in the directory structure of an existing volume that you can point to a volume or partition
mount a folder on the drive (therefore you add a hard drive to the C drive) |
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CHKDSK
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check for bad data
repair my computer/right click on the drive you want to check/properties/tools tab/check now button run once a week |
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disk cleanup
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start/all programs/accessories/system tools/disk cleanup
monthly |