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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is included in patient demographics? |
Full name, address, phone number, work number, social security number, insurance, emergency contacts, and physician's name and number. |
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What does the medical history contain? |
Past surgeries, systemic diseases, injuries, and allergies. |
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What are the typical allergies of concern? |
Anesthetic, latex, and antibiotics. |
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What is included in vital signs? |
Body temperature, pulse, blood pressure, and respiration rate. |
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What can cause body temperature to rise? |
Exercise, emotional excitement, and eating. |
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Normal temperature ranges |
96°-99.5° |
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Fahrenheit |
Freezing point of water 32°. Boiling point of water 212°. |
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Celsius |
Freezing point of water 0°. Boiling point of water 100°. |
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Manual thermometer |
Mercury filled thermometer. Place under the tongue with lips closed for 5 minutes. |
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Digital thermometer |
Dispose of probe in biohazard waste. |
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Tympanic thermometer |
Temperature taking by placing thermometer gently in the ear canal. |
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Name the pulse sites |
Radial, carotid, or temporal. |
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Radial pulse site |
Located on the radial artery on the thumb side of the wrist. Approximately 1 inch above the base of the thumb. Most common site for obtaining pulse. |
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Carotid pulse site |
Located on the Carotid artery in the neck just below the angle of the mandible. |
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Temporal pulse site |
Over the smaller temporal artery located in the temporal fossa. A slight depression just in front of the ear about the level of the eyebrow. More difficult to locate than others. |
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How is the pulse usually described? |
Irregular, slow, or rapid |
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Normal pulse rate |
Adults - 60-100 Children- 70-100 |
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Normal respiration rates |
Adults- 12-18 Children- 20-40 |
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Sphygmomanometer |
Blood pressure apparatus |
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What artery do you place the blood pressure cuff around? |
The brachial artery. 1 inch above the antecubital space. |
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Where is the brachial artery located? |
In the antecubital space, at the inside of the elbow. |
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How do you estimate the systolic pressure? |
By using the "palate, inflate, obliterate, deflate" method. Add 30 mm Hg to the number representing the obliteration point. Wait one minute before reinflating. |
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Systolic blood pressure |
First sound heard. Created when the heart contracts and forces blood through the arteries. Top number, 100-140. |
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Diastolic blood pressure |
Reflects heart muscle at rest. Heart takes blood to the oxygenated before next contraction. Bottom number, 60-100. |
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How many Korotkoff sounds are there? |
5. Named after Russian physician, Dr. Nikolai Korotkoff, in 1905. |
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Normal blood pressure reading |
Child 10 years of age- 100/66 Adolescent to 16 years of age- 118/76 Adult- 140/90 |
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What is observed during a clinical exam? |
Mouth and lips for cracking or alterations, smile line, vermilion border, commissures, external floor of the mouth (mouth must be closed), external lymph nodes (from ear to collar bone), tmj, visual inspection of interoral (lesions, accessed teeth, and color change), floor of the mouth, and tongue. |
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What are you checking for when examining cervical lymph nodes? |
Swelling, abnormalities, tenderness, and infection. |
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What are you checking for when examining the TMJ? |
Noise, tenderness, pain, and limited function. |
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What are you checking for when examining the floor of the mouth? |
Tenderness, abnormalities, lesions, and bony Tori. |
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What is the frenum? |
Narrow band of tissue that connects two structures. |
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What are you checking for when examining the palate? |
Palatal Tori and lesions. |
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What are you checking for when examining the tongue? |
Geographical, color, papillae, coating, and abnormalities. |
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What are the basic signs of life? |
Vital signs |
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What are Baseline vital signs? |
Initial measurements of vital signs |
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What are some antipyretic? |
Cold pack, alcohol rub, and aspirin. |
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What is hypothermic? |
Below normal body temperature. |
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What can cause hypothermia? |
Too much aspirin or prolonged exposure to cold. |
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What is a pulse? |
A beating sensation felt in an artery. |
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What is the most common pulse site used? |
Radial |
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What is an abnormally rapid resting pulse rate called? |
Tachycardia |
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What is an abnormally slow resting pulse rate called? |
Bradycardia |
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What is arrhythmia? |
Irregular heartbeat patterns. |
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Do children or adults have a slower respiration rate? |
Adults |
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What is tachypnea? |
Abnormally rapid resting respiratory rate |
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What is bradypnea? |
Abnormally slow resting respiratory rate. |
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What is blood pressure? |
Amount of Labor heart has to exert to pump blood throughout body. |
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1st Korotkoff sound |
Snapping sound first heard at the systolic pressure. Clear, repetitive, tapping sounds for at least two consecutive beats are considered systolic pressure. |
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2nd Korotkoff sound |
Murmurs heard for most of the area between the systolic and diastolic pressures. No known clinical significance. |
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3rd Korotkoff sound |
Loud, crisp, tapping sound. No known clinical significance. |
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4th Korotkoff sound |
Heard at pressures within 10mm Hg above the diastolic pressure. Described as thumping and muting. |
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5th Korotkoff sound |
Silence as the cuff pressure drops below the diastolic pressure. Disappearance of sound is considered the diastolic blood pressure - 2mm Hg above the last sound heard. |
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What are the steps to take blood pressure? |
Extend patient's arm to the level of heart. Make sure arm is supported and relaxed. Wrap and secure cuff 1 inch above antecubital space. Expel all air from cuff beforehand. Inflate cuff to 160 - 180. Release 2 - 4 millimeters Mercury per second. |
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What Does the clinical evaluation include? |
Obtaining vital signs and Performing both an internal and external oral evaluation. |