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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Capitalism |
Economic model wherein people, corporations, and states produce goods and exchange them on the world market, with the goal of achieving profit |
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Commodification |
The process through which something is given monetary value. Commodification occurs when a good or idea that previously was not regarded as an object to be bought and sold is turned into something that has a particular price and that can be traded in a market economy. |
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Core |
Processes that incorporate higher levels of education, higher salaries, and more technology; generate more wealth than periphery processes in the world economy. |
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Periphery |
Processes that incorporate lower levels of education, lower salaries, and less technology; and generate less wealth than core processes in the world economy. |
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Semi-Periphery |
Places where core and periphery processes are both occurring; places that are exploited by the core but in turn exploit the periphery. |
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Ability |
In context of political power, the capacity of a state to influence other states or achieve its goals through diplomatic, economic, and militaristic means. |
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Centripetal |
forces that tend to unify a country-such as internal religious, linguistic, ethnic, or ideological differences. |
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Centrifugal |
forces that tend to divide a country-such as internal religious, linguistic, ethnic, or ideological differences |
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Unitary |
A nation-state that has a centralized government and administration that exercises power equally over all parts of the state |
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Federal |
A political-territorial system wherein a central government represents the various entities within a nation-state |
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Devolution |
The process whereby regions within a state demand and gain political strength and growing autonomy at the expense of the central government |
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Territorial Representation |
System wherein each representative is elected from a territorially defined district |
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Reapportionment |
process by which representative districts are switched according to population shifts, so that each district encompasses approximately the same number of people |
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Splitting |
in the context of determining representative districts, the process by which the majority and minority populations are spread evenly across each of the districts to be created therein ensuring control by the majority of each of the districts; as opposed to the result of majority-minority districts |
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Majority-Minority Districts |
in the context of the term the representative districts, the process by which a majority of the population is from the minority |
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Gerrymandering |
redistricting for advantage, or the practice of dividing the areas into electoral districts to give one political an electoral majority in a large number of districts were concentrating the voting strength of the opposition in as few districts as possible |
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Boundary |
vertical plane between states that cuts through the rocks below, and the air space above the surface |