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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Various forms of the same gene are called...? |
Alleles |
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This term in genetics means the combination of alleles for a certain trait |
Genotype |
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What is the name of the specialized region of a chromosome that often causes a cinching or narrowing of the chromosome at that spot? |
centromere |
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What is the name of the tool used by geneticists in which they align the images of stained chromosomes into homologous pairs? |
Karyotype |
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How were both Mendel and Morgan correct in talking about inheritance patterns? |
Genes are inherited independently as long as they are not present on the same chromosome |
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What term means the genetic condition of having half the chromosomes found in a typical cell? This condition is abbreviated as n. |
Haploid |
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Which structure in a cell coordinated the production of microtubules used in meiosis? |
Centrioles |
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Which cell process begins with one diploid cell with replicated chromosomes and ends with two haploid cells with replicated chromosomes? |
Meiosis I |
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At what stage of meiosis do sister chromatids separate? |
Anaphase of Meiosis II |
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In animals, which specific cell type is produced by the process of meiosis? |
Gametes |
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What is the number of chromosomes in a normal human somatic cell? |
22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes
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A cross of a plant with white flowers and a plant with red flowers producing red and white marbled flowers is an example of what? |
Codominance |
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What is it called when a heterozygote for a trait exhibits a phenotype half-way between the dominant and recessive phenotype, such as a red and white parent having pink offspring? |
Incomplete dominance |
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What is cytokinesis? |
The division of cells following mitosis |
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In which phase of mitosis are the chromosomes completely separated and the nuclear membranes begin to be rebuilt? |
Telophase |
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What happens in the prophase of mitosis? |
Chromosomes begin to condense, centrioles begin to move apart, the nuclear membrane begins to degrade |
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In what phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur? |
S Phase |
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How does cancer tie in with cell cycle? |
Cancer results when cells undergo cell division too often |
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In what phase of mitosis do chromosomes begin to separate towards opposite ends by shortening microtubules? |
Anaphase
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In what phase of mitosis do chromosomes begin to condense, and centrosomes begin to move away from each other? |
Prophase
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Which phase of the cell cycle could be thought of as a recovery phase following the replication of DNA? |
G2 Phase |
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In mitosis, chromosomes separate by which specific mechanism? |
Molecular motors in the kinetochore move the chromosome toward the centrioles |
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To what specific structure on a chromosome do microtubules attach during mitosis? |
Kinetochore |
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Which cell process begins with two haploid cells with replicated chromosomes and ends with four haploid cells with unreplicated chromosomes? |
Meiosis II |
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What does Prophase I consist of? |
Chromosomes condense, replication of chromosomes, tetrad formation |
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Which specific cell process begins with haploid cells containing replicated chromosomes and ends with twice as many haploid cells with unreplicated chromosomes? |
Meiosis II |
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At what stage of meiosis do tetrads form? |
Prohpase of Meiosis I |
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What is the name of the type of diploid cells that make up the vast majority of the structure of your body? |
Somatic cells |
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In which specific stage of meiosis would you expect to see sister chromatids being pulled apart from each other? |
Anaphase I |
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In mitosis, in which phase are chromosomes lined up along the midplane of the cell? |
Metaphase |
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In mitosis, during which phase do centromeres split and chromosomes begin to pull apart? |
Anaphase |
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In which phase of mitosis do chromosomes begin to separate towards opposite ends by shortening microtubules? |
Anaphase |