Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The following thrombolytics do what?
Streptokinase Urokinase tPA APSAC |
Convert Plasminogen --> Plasmin to break down a fibrin mesh clot
|
|
Clopidogrel
|
Antag ADP receptor on PLT
|
|
Ticlopidine
***ALSO MAJOR AE?*** |
Antag ADP receptor on PLT
Neutropenia |
|
Abciximab
|
Inhibs GpIIb / IIIa on PLT
|
|
ASA in PLT
|
Inhibs COX on PLT -->
No TXA2 --> No upreg of GpIIb / IIIa on PLT |
|
Lepirudin
|
Inhibs Thrombin (IIa)
|
|
Bivalirudin
|
Inhibs Thrombin (IIa)
|
|
Heparin
|
Co-factor for Anti-thrombin -->
Inhib of Thrombin (IIa) |
|
Warfarin
|
Inhib Vit K Dep Clotting Factors
2, 7, 9, 10, PRO C, PRO S |
|
Cilostazol
|
Inhibs PDE in PLT-->
Inc cAMP in PLT --> Dec Ca in PLT --> No PLT Agg |
|
Dipyridamole
|
Inhibs PDE in PLT-->
Inc cAMP in PLT --> Dec Ca in PLT --> No PLT Agg |
|
3 Rx that Inhib M phase of cell cycle?
|
Vincristine
Vinblastine Paclitaxel |
|
Inhib Thymidylate Synthase
|
5-FU
|
|
Inhib DHF Reductase
|
MTX
|
|
Inhib S phase of cell cycle IN ADDITION to MTX and 5-FU?
|
6-MP
6-TG Cytarabine Etoposide |
|
Rx that Inhibs both the S and G2 phase of the cell cycle?
|
Etoposide
|
|
Rx that inhibs G2 phase only of cell cycle?
|
Bleomycin
|
|
|
|
|
HEM / ONC
|
HEM / ONC
|
|
Heparin:
MOA? Heparin used in short term or long term? Is heparin safe for preggos? Why or why not? What must you monitor in pts on heparin? |
Cofactor for anti-thrombin -->
Dec thrombin and Xa Short term Yes, bc does NOT cross placenta PTT |
|
2 AEs of heparin?
Antidote against heparin? |
HIT (Heparin Induced THROMBOCYTOPENIA) syndrome
& Osteoporosis Protamine sulfate |
|
What is the name of the drug that is a LMW heparin?
Major MOA of enoxaparin? 1 Major advantage of enoxaparin over heparin? |
Enoxaparin
Xa Does NOT need lab monitoring (PT) |
|
What is HIT syndrome?
|
Heparin binds to CF IV -->
AB binds to and activates PLTs --> PLT Clearance --> HYPERCOAGULABLE, THROMBOCYTOPENIC state |
|
2 drugs that directly inhibit thrombin
and are an alternative to heparin for anticoagulating pts w/ HIT syndrome |
Lepirudin
Bivalirudin |
|
Warfarin (Coumadin) has what MOA?
|
Inhibits synth and gamma-carboxylation of Vit K dependent clotting factors
II, VII, IX, X AND Anti-clotting factors PRO C and PRO S |
|
Warfarin (Coumadin) will have what effect on what lab value?
|
Inc PT
|
|
What drug for slower reversal of warfarin FX?
What drug for rapid reversal of warfarin? |
Vit K
Fresh Frozen Plasma |
|
2 Instances of chronic anticoagulation for you to use warfarin?
Should warfarin (coumadin) be used in preggos? Why or why not? |
Post STEMI, Venous thromboembolism p-lax
No, crosses placenta |
|
Warfarin (coumadin) is also used for what arrhythmia to p-lax clots?
2 Lab values to check in pts on warfarin (coumadin) Is warfarin (coumadin) rapid or slow acting (onset)? |
A-fib
PT / INR Slow acting (onset) |
|
List 4 thrombolytics
|
Streptokinase
Urokinase tPA (alteplase) APSAC (anistreplase) |
|
MOA of thrombolytics?
Thrombolytics will effect what 2 lab values? 2 CU of thrombolytics? CI'ed in active bleed, TF treat toxicity w/ what? |
Stim conversionof plasminogen to plasmin -->
Cleavage of fibrin clots Inc PT and PTT Early MI, Early ischemic Stroke aminocaprionic acid |
|
MOA of ASA?
Effect of ASA on BT, PT, PTT? Which part of clotting mech does ASA effect? |
Inhibs COX1 and COX2
Inc Bleeding Time (PLTS) NO effect on PT or PTT PLT aggregation |
|
4 AEs of ASA?
|
Gastric ulcer --> Bleed
Reyes syndrome Tinitus from VIII dysfnctn |
|
2 MOAs of clopidogrel and ticlopidine?
Ticlopidine has what effect on what WBC type? |
blocks ADP receptors
Binds glucoPRO IIb / IIIa Dec PMNs (Neutropenia) |
|
Which 2 clotting drugs are PDE III inhibs --> Inc cAMP and thus inhibit PLT aggregation, WHILE vasodilating?
|
Cilostazol
Dipyridamole |
|
Which 2 anti-clotting drugs are used for intermittent claudication, p-lax stroke and TIA, p-lax anging and cause coronary vasodilaiton?
|
Cilostazol,
Dipyridamole |
|
Which anti-PLT drug is a monoclonal Ab that binds to teh glycoPRO receptor IIb / IIIa on PLTs -->
P-lax of PLT aggregation? 2 AEs of abciximab? |
Abciximab
Bleeding & Thrombocytopenia |
|
1) Which anti-CA Rx is a folic acid analog that inhibits dihydrofolate reductase?
2) 3 Non-CA CU? 3) 2 MTX AEs? 4) This Myelosuppression is reversible w/ what? |
1) MTX
2) Abortion, Ectopic Preggo, RA 3) Myelosuppression Lung Fibrosis 4) Folinic Acid (Leucovorin Rescue) |
|
1) Which CA drug is a pyrimidine analog that inhibits thymidylate synthase?
2) 2 CU? 3) 5-FU can cause BM suppression. Can it be overcome w/ folinic acid (leucovorin rescue) 4) How to tx OD? |
1) 5-FU (5-fluorouracil)
2) Basal cell carcinoma Actinic Keratosis (not a CA, but used for it) 3) NO 4) Thymidine |
|
1) Which CA drug is a purine (thiol) analog?
2) It is metabolized by xanthine oxidase, TF, its toxicity is increased w/ aministration of what? |
1) 6-MP
2) Allopurinol |
|
1) 6-TG (6-thioguanine) is pretty much the same as 6-MP, except their is one major difference. What's that difference?
|
1) Pts can be given allopurinol
|
|
Which CA drug is a pyrimidine analog that inhibits DNA polymerase?
|
Cytarabine
|
|
1) What's the MOA of Dactinomycin (Anti-tumor ABX)?
2) Dactinomycin can be used for what 3 tumors? |
1) Intercalates in DNA
2) Wilms tumor Ewing's sarcoma Rhabdomyosarcoma (all are kids tumors so think kids ACT out) |
|
1) MOA of anti-tumor drug Doxorubicin (adriamycin), and daunorubicin
2) AE? A) Can be combined w/ what to p-lax cardiotoxicity? |
1) Generate free rads that intercalate in DNA
2) CARDIOTOXIC A) Dexrazoxane |
|
1) Which anti-tumor drug induces free rad formation -->
DNA strand breaks? 2) Used for what CA? 3) AE? |
1) Bleomycin
2) Testicular CA 3) Pulm Fibrosis |
|
1) Which 2 anti-tumor drugs inhib Topoisomerase II -->
Inc DNA Degradation 2) CU? |
1) Etoposide and Teniposide
2) SC Carcinoma of Lung Testicular Carcinoma |
|
1) What are 2 alkylating agents that covalently X-link (interstrand) DNA
2) Major AE? |
1) Cyclophosphamide, Ifosfamide
(remember, also immunosuppressants) 2) Hemorrhagic Cystitis partially p-laxed w/ mesna |
|
1) Which alkylating drugs cross blood brain barrier into CNS?
2) Good for? 3) AE? |
1) Nitrosureas
(carmustine, lomustine, semustine) 2) Brain tumors 3) CNS Tox |
|
1) MOA of busulfan?
2) AE? |
1) Alkylates DNA
2) Pulmonary Fibrosis |
|
1) 2 drugs that block polymerization of microtubules?
2) 4 CAs used for? 3) AE of vincristine? |
1) Vincristine, Vinblastine
2) Hodgkin's Lymphoma Wilms tumor Choriocarcinoma ALL 3) Neurotoxic BM Suppression |
|
1) What group of microtubule inhibitors HYPERSTABILIZE microtubules in M-phase, TF inhibiting mitotic spindle break down?
2) 2 CU? |
1) Taxols like Paclitaxel
2) Ovarian and Breast Carcinomas |
|
Cisplatin & Carboplatin
1) MOA? 2) 2 CA? 3) AE? |
1) Cross-link DNA
2) Bladder, Testicular, Ovary 3) Nephrotoxic, Ototoxic |
|
Hydroxyurea
1) MOA? 2) CU? |
1) Inhibs ribonucleotide reductase -->
Dec DNA Synth 2) Sickle Cell bc inc HbF |
|
REMEMBER, PREDNISONE CAN BE USED FOR CA BC IT STIMS APOPTOSIS - SEE NOTES ON PREDNISONE USE
|
REMEMBER, PREDNISONE CAN BE USED FOR CA BC IT STIMS APOPTOSIS - SEE NOTES ON PREDNISONE USE
|
|
Tamoxifen, Raloxifene
1) MOA? 2) CU? 3) AE of tamoxifen? 4) AE of Raloxifene? |
1) SERMS -
Receptor ANTAGS in breast and Receptor AGONISTS in Bone 2) Tx Br CA P-lax osteoporosis 3) Inc risk endometrial carcinoma bc an endometrial AGONIST! 4) NONE- no increase risk endometrial carcinoma bc it is an endometrial antag! |
|
Trastuzamab (Herceptin)
1) MOA? 2) CU? 3) AE? |
1) Monoclonal ab against HER-2 (a tyrosine kinase)
2) Kills Br CA cells that overexpress Her-2 3) Cardiotoxic |
|
Imatinib
1) MOA? 2) CU? |
1) bcr-abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor
2) CML |
|
Rituximab
1) MOA? 2) CU? |
1) Monoclonal Ab against CD20 on b-cell neoplasms
2) Lymphoma and RA |
|
LOOK AT CHEMO-TOX MAN
|
LOOK AT CHEMO-TOX MAN
|