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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what are secrete hydrolytic enzymes that degrade complex organic matter into simpler forms that can be absorbed called?
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exoenzymes
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what do fungi include?
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decomposers (saprobes), parasites, mutulisitc symbionts.
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what fungi are unicellular? are all fungi unicellular?
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Yeasts, no some are multi
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what is an interwoven mar of filaments that surround s and can infltrate the food source called?
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mycelium
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What are the individual filaments of the mycelium called?
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hyphae
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what does septae mean?
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have a cross wall
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what does aseptate mean
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no crosswalls, a continuous mass of cytoplasm and nuclei
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what are hyphae s specific functions?
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trapping and kiling prey, haustoria-hyphae that penetrate a host
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what are hyphae that penetrate a host called>
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haustoria
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What is it called when fungi and plant shave mutulistic relationship? what do each do?
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mycorrhizae fungi- supply mineral to the plant. plant- supplies orangic nutrients
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what are the products of meiosis in fungi?
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spores, not gametes
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what are fungi called that have no known sexual stage>
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dueteromycetes or fungi imperfecti
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IN sexual reproduction, the hyphae from 2 seperate organisms release different ________
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pheromones (sex hormones), binds to receptors on opposite mating types' surface. The receptor signals cell growth
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what is it called when 2 different hyphae fuse? what does it produce
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plasmogamy, zygote
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what is it called when 2 haploid nuclei fuse? what does this reslult in?
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karyogamy, diploid nucleus
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what clade and group are animals, fungi, and their protist relatives and ancestors in?
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opisthookont, unikont
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what is a fungal mycelium that contains 2 or more haploid nuclei per cell called?
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heterokaryon
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what are fungi related to?
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unicellular nuclearids
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what are animals related to?
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unicellular choanoflagellates
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The ancestors of fungi and animals both evolved from a common_________ _________ ancestor
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flagellated unicellular
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Are nucleariids fungi?
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no they are PROTISTS
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what fungi have flagellated spores?
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chytrids
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flagellated spores on chytrids are called what?
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zoospores
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what group of fungi are paraphyletic? some are parasites
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chytrids
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Rhizopus is a black bread mold part of what group of fungi?
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zygomycetes
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what is the name for a bulbous structure that produces haploid spores called? what group of fungi is this?
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sporangia, zygomycetes
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where do karyogamy and meiosis occur in the sexual reproduction of zygomycetes?
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zygosporangium
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what clade of fungi has only 160 species? 90% of all pplants have a symbiotic relationship with this clade.
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glomeromycetes
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what is a arbuscular mycorrizae?
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specilized mycorrhizae in glomeromycetes. they penetrate the plant cells and form shrub like structures called arbuscules.
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what is the defining feature of ascomycetes?
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ascus- sac that produces 8 sexual spores. it projects out from the mycelium
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what is the nick named for ascomycetes?
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sac filled fungi
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where is the sight for karyogmay and meiosis in ascomycetes?
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in the ascus
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what happens in the asexual phase of ascomycetes?
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conidia form on the tips od specilaized hyphae
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cup fungi, morels, yeasts, some molds are in what clade?
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ascomycete
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what ascomycete is used in research, grows on bread, grows on forest floors after fire, and has a 24 hour circadian rhythm, respond to red light
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Neurospora
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what group includes mushrooms, some mold, mycorrhizae, plant pathogens?
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basdiomycetes
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What is the transient diploid stae which has a club shape
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basidium
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is asexual prominent in basidiomycetes?
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no
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what are fungi important in ecosystms?
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they break down organic material- including cellulose and lignin from plant walls. symbionts with plants
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what ae photosynthetic cyanobacteria or green alage withina fungal mass called?
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lichens
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where do lichens grow?
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rocks, rotting logs, trees, roofs
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what disease is caused by an ascomycete, carried by bark beetles, and has destroyed billions of chestnut tress in eastern us?
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dutch elm disease
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what does an ergot do?i
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infects rye, toxin ends up in flourand causes ergotism. hallucinations, nervous spasms and gangrene
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what are fungal animal pathogens called?
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mycosis
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give an example of a skin infection and a systemic infection cause by fungal animal pathogens. what do mycosis mean
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athletes foot- ascomycete
coccidiomycosis. means fungal infection |
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what causes yeast infections?and thrush in babies?
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candidalbicans
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what is saccharomyces cervisae?
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bakers and brwers yeast
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