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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Nucleus
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Contains all of the DNA (except for a small amount in mitochondria)
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Nuclear pores
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Large holes where RNA can exit the nucleus but DNA cannot
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Nucleolus
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Area within the nucleus where rRNA is transcribed and subunits of the ribosome are assembled
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Three Types of
Endocytosis |
1. Phagocytosis
2. Pinocytosis 3. Receptor mediated endocytosis |
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Phagocytosis
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Cell membrane protrudes outward to envelope and engulf particulate matter
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Pinocytosis
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Extracellular fluid is engulfed by small invaginations of the cell membrane
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Smooth ER
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Lacks ribosomes; synthesis of various lipids, fatty acids and steroids, and also plays an important role in carbohydrate metabolism, detoxification of the cell, and calcium storage
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Rough ER
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Studded with ribosomes, manufactures and transports proteins destined for membranes and secretion; site where translation occurs
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Golgi apparatus
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Flattened membrane bound sacs that can modify and deliver proteins released by the ER to specific places within the cell
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Lysosome
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Hydrolytic enzymes that fuse with endocytotic vescicles and digest their contents
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Peroxisome
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Contains enzymes, such as catalase and oxidase, that catalyze the production and breakdown of hydrogen peroxide
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Cytoskeleton
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Network of filaments that anchor some cellular components, moves components within the cell, and move the cell itself
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Microtubules
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Rigid hollow tubes made of the protein tubulin; larger than microfilaments, involved in flagella and cilia construction and mitotic spindle
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Microfilaments
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Squeeze the membrane together in phagocytosis
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Axoneme
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A bundle of microtubules and other proteins forming the core of each cilium or flagellum
(9+2) |
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Dynein
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Connect outer pairs of microtubules to their neighbor
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Centrosome
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Organizes formation of a spindle during mitosis or meiosis
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Actin
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A protein that forms fibers that make up part of a cytoskeleton
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Three Types of Cell Junctions
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1. Tight Junctions
2. Desmosomes 3. Gap Junctions |
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Tight Junctions
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Act as fluid barriers around cells
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Desmosomes
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Join two cells together at a single point
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Gap Junctions
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Small tunnels connecting cells
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Mitochondria
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Energy powerhouse of the cell
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Endosymbiont Theory
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Mitochondria may have evolved from a symbiotic relationship between ancient prokaryotes and eukaryotes
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Cristae
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Inwardly projecting folds of the inner membrane of a mitochondrion
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