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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
stomata
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small openings on leaf that CO2 from air enters the leaf
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chloroplasts
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organelles that carry on photosynthesis
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stroma
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double membrane surrounding fluid in a chloroplast
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thylakoids
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third membrane system within the stoma forming flattended sacsq
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grana (sing. granum)
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thylakoid stacks
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chlorophyll
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green pigment that absorbs solar energy and important in algal and plant photosynthesis; chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b
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light reactions
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portion of photosynthesis that captures solar energy adn takes place in thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts; produces ATP and NADPH
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Calvin Cycle Reactions
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portion of photosynthesis that takes place in the stoma of chloroplasts and can occur in the dark; it uses the products of the light reactions to reduce CO2 to a carbohydrate
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carotenoid
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yellow or orange pigment that serves as an accessory to chlorophyll in photosynthesis
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photosystems
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photosynthetic unit where solar energy is absorbed and high-energy elegrons are generated; contains a pigment complex and an electron acceptor; occurs as PS I and PS II
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electron transport chain
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series of carriers passing electrons from one to the other, releasing energy that is stored in the form of a hydrogen ion (H+)
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ATP synthase
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enzyme that is part of an ATP synthase complex and functions in the production of ATP in chloroplasts and mitochondria
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carbon dioxide fixation
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photosynthetic reaction in which CO2 is attached to an organic compound
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C3 plant
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plant that fixes CO2 via the Calvin cycle; the first stable product of C3 photosynthesis is a 3-carbon compound
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C4 plant
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plant that fixes CO2 to produce a C4 molecule that releases CO2 to the Calvin cycle
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CAM
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crassulacean-acid metabolism; plant fixes CO2 at night to produce a C4 molecule that releases CO2 to the Calvin cycle during the day
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coenzyme
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nonprotein organic molecule that aids the action of the enzyme to which it is loosely bound
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photosynthesis
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process occurring usually within chloroplasts whereby chlorophyll-containing organelles trap solar energy to reduce CO2 to carbohydrate
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RuBP carboxylase (rubisco)
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enzyme that is required for CO2 fixation (atmospheric CO2 attaches to RuBP) in the Calvin cycle
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