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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
conditions that made life possible |
abiotic synthesis of small organic molecules (amino acids and nitrogenous bases) which turned into macromolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids the formation of protocells (droplets with membranes that maintained an internal chemistry) the origin of self replicating molecules |
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atmosphere compounds similar to early earth
volcanoes alkaline vents |
formed amino acids |
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harold urey and stanley miler |
tested oparin and haldane's hypotheses that earth's early atmosphere was a reducing environment where organic compounds formed |
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vesicles |
may be precursor to life spontaneous formation (lipids to water) lipid bilayer can "reproduce" on its own |
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RNA |
first genetic material probably inside vesicles, passed on to daughter cells which natural selection could then act on = formation of protocells |
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fossil record |
found mostly in sedimentary rocks in strata biased for long existing, abundant, hard parts, widespread species |
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geological record |
standard time scale |
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four eons |
Hadean - origin of earth Archaean - oldest prokaryotes Proterozoic - oldest eukaryotes Phanerozoic - last half billion years, time most animals have existed |
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three eras of phanerozoic eon |
Paleozoic Mesozoic Cenozoic |
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stromatolites |
earliest direct evidence of life layered rocks that form when certain prokaryotes bind thin films of sediment |
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mesozoic periods |
Triassic - origin of mammals, gymnosperms (cone bearing plants) Jurassic - dinosaurs abundant and diverse, gymnosperms dominant plants Cretaceous - flowering plants, many organisms become extinct at end |
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key paleozoic periods |
cambrian - sudden increase in diversity of animal phyla devonian - bony fish, first tetrapods and insects carboniferous - origin of reptiles |
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first eukaryotes |
nuclear envelope, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, cytoskeleton endozymbiont theory - mitochondria and plastids were formerly prokaryotes that began living in larger cells |
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plate tectonics |
earth's crust is composed of plates on earth's surface |
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adaptive radiation |
periods of evolutionary change with many new species follows mass extinctions, evolution of new novel characteristics, the colonization of new reasons |
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heterochrony |
evolutionary change in the rate or timing of development |
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paedomorphosis |
sexual maturity during childhood |