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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
wht is the oddball hormone and why
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Thyroxin, its on the short list, monamine derviitave, hydrophobic, but its fat soulable but moves thru fat but water soluable
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wht are the ant. pit. hormones
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FOlicle stimulating hormones (Fsh), Lutnizin hormone (LH),, Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), Growth hormone (HG), Prolactin (PRL), and Adenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
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WHat is follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), what does it do , where
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it acts on the ovaries, stimulated the development of eggs, and their folliculie, IN TESTES, stim. production of sprem
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what is Lutenizing hormone, what it do, where,
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LH, females- stimulates ovulation and the corpus luteum to secret estrogen and progesterone, MALES, stim. intersticial cells to secrete testosterone
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what is Thyroind stimulating hormone, what it do , where
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TSH- stim. growth of thyroid gland and the secretion of thyroid horomne, has wide spread effect ont eh bodys metabolism
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what is growth hormone, what it do , where
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GH/somotropin, produced in atn pit, at leats 100 times as much as any other hormone, promots mitosis and cellular differentiation, widespread growth of catilage, bone , muscle and fat, secreted at night . promotes Na+, K+, and Cl- reteintion in the kidneys adn makes the electrolytes avail to the growth tissue
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what is prolactin, what it do , where
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PRL- stimulates the mammary glands to produce milk
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what is adenocorticotrophic homrone, what it do, where
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stim. adrenal cortex to secret cortisol (stress hormone) regulates glucose, fat, and protein metabolism
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Paravetnricular neucleus, waht it make, where located
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its located in the posterior pit, responsible for Oxytocin
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supraoptic neucleus , where is it, what it make
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located in the post. pit., makes ADH anti diuretic hormone
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wht cells are made in the pancreas
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beta cells - insulin, alpha cells- glucagon, delta cells- GHIH (somatostatin)
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how do fat soluable hormones work
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gene activating- need to be transported by carrier protein, (bound) cholesterol and thyroxine derivatives, posses a longer half life. enter thru cell wall and crack the genitic whip
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how do water soluable hormones work
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cAMP, un bound hormones more veunerable , shorter half life, broken down eliminated thru kidney,
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what are the two types of glands
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endocrine(swet glands, slavary glands, ) exocrine
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holocrine releases what
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oils, holocrin secretions are thicker thatn merocrine
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merocrine glands relese how where
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release from pancreas tear glands, gastric glands
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wht to apocrine glands release
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milk
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two kinds of hormones,
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traditional nad local
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diff btx autocrine and paracrine
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auto effects its own cell, paracrine effects the tissue around it
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how do traditional hormones works.
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released from an endocrine glans, picked up by cap. bed, carried to its destination, the glands that produce thiese are very vascular, ant the capallaries are fenustrated to allo lg hormones in
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two way histamines work
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1) as a hormone they are produced by a cell affecting that region, as a neurotransmitter its released in a synaptic space
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what are the 5 types of hormone chemistrys
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oligopeptides, poly peptides, glycoproteins, monoamines, sterodial
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what is th eprimary way water solubale hoormones work thru camp
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atp- Camp- protein kinases
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what can Camp activate
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1) effect membrane potenital (open/close pores) 2 synithsise hormones, 3 turn molecules off/ on, encourage secretion, stimulate mitosis
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what is the primary messenger
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the hormone that attatches to the recepton on outside of cell
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whar are protein kinases
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specific sets of enzymes that do certian metabolic things. camps job is to locate these and activeate them to do one of the five jobs
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what hormone as a second mesenger may encourage mitosis
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GH
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what hormone can be activated by camp
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acth, fsh, tsh, glucagon, calcitonin, lh,pth
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how does ADH/LHRH work
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attactches to receptor, activates Gprotein, gprotein activates the phospolipase makes pip2,pip2 split in to dag(ADH) and pip3(lhrh), tDAG,trigers formation of aquapores to pull water out of urine to save Pip3 allows Ca+ to enter cell which can atcivate portein kinases and act as a 3rd messenger
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most important thing about DAG and IP3
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they influence levesl of Ca+
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steps of gene activation
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horomne leaves gland- passes thru cell membrane- combines with protein receptor and enters nucleus, cracks genetic whip, activates dna fro transcription/translation which leads to protein synthises
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what does estrogen affect
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fat cells
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what does aldosterone effect
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pumpers for na/k
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what does progesteron effect
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uterine gland activity
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what doens cortiso effect
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metabolism and stress
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what does testosterone effect
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actin and myosin (muscles)
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what does thyroxine effect
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metabolism of carbs and production
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how deos the nervoise system influence the production of hormones
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influences the glandular tissue but does not control it, only ex of it being lg, influence on when signal sent to the adrenal medula and releases epinephrine which affects the whole body
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what is humoral control
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when two differens horomnes are used to maintain a nromal level iwthin the body, ex insulin and glucagon, parathromone/calcitonin
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what is the vein tha tconnects the primary and secondary cap. bed in the ant. pit
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the hypophisioportal vein
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where are the targe cells located
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outside the 2nd cap bed in ant pit
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what are the two kinds of target cells in the ant pit
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chromophils (can be stained) red- called acidophills, blue - basophills.
chromophobes ( take no stain) |
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what are the acidophils
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GHRH, GHIH, PRH,PIH, contains the inhibiting and realeasing hormones
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what are the baseophills
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TSHRH, CTH, FSHRH, LHRH
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what is the stop emzyme that breaks down the hormone
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phosphodiesterase
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what is the final target cell for testosterone,
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interstical cell of testes- sustentaclular cell of seminiferous tubules( stored for sprem prodiciton), can encourage bone production, mens vocal chords, in puberty goes to brain for male labido
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Fshrh works how
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goes to womans ovary camp tells to make estrogen which goes to ft cells of hip or breats makes it make more cells
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how does Tshrh work
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thyrope (target cell in ant. pit) makes tsh- goes to thyroid folliclue- makes thyroxine
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how does CTH work
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trget cell ant pit (corticotrope)- makes acth- adrenal cortex- cortisol
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how does surpa optic neucleus work
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has osmoreceptors in the extra cellular fluid, isotonic within the cells and fluid ar ok. when becomes hypertonic water is take out of the cell , making the cell cranky, this "kicks' adjacent receptor surfaces causeing action potentials, sends messages down to the herring bodies wher ethe adh is stored and causes its release, adh goes to kidney and enters (DAg happenes) makes aqua pores open allows to pull water out of potential urine. alchohol surpesss production of adh therefore u get dehydrated
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