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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Cuts strands of DNA into smaller pieces |
Restriction Enzymes |
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Restriction enzymes are also called as |
Restriction endonucleases |
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Restriction enzymes recognizes and cuts DNA at specific sequences called? |
Restriction sites |
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3 tyoes of cleavage commonly used by restriction enzymes |
- 5' overhang - Blunt end - 3' overhang |
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The ends of restricted DNA molecules can be joined together by? |
Ligation |
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Why does ligation is usedin joining ends of restricted DNA molecules? |
To create new recombinant DNA |
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Makes many identical copies of the gene |
DNA Cloning |
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To clone a gene, you first need to put gene into a? |
Vector |
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Examples of vector |
Plasmid or virus |
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Helps carry DNA to the cell |
Vector |
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A collection of DNA Fragments that have been cloned into vectors so that researchers can identify and isolate the DNA fragments that interest them for further study |
DNA Library |
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3 steps of PCR |
- Denaturation - Annealing - Extension |
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Denatures the DNA to single strand at 94°C |
Denaturation |
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Denaturation occur at what temperature |
94°C |
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Rapidly cools the DNA and anneal primers to complementary single strand sequence flanking the target DNA |
Annealing |
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Temperature which Annealing occurs |
37-65°C |
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Extends primers using a heat resistant DNA |
Extension |
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Temperature wherein extension occurs |
70-75°C |
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Example of Heat-resistant DNA |
Taq Polymerase |
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Taq polymerasewasderived from |
Thermus Aquaticus |
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Used to seperate DNA or RNA fragments by size and reactivity |
Nucleic Acid Electrophoresis |
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In gel electrophoresis larger fragments migrate? |
Slowly |
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In gel electrophoresis smaller fragments migrate |
Quickly |
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Key feature in-------- are used in DNA Sequencing |
DNA Replication |
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DNA synthesis occurs in what direction |
5'-3' |
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DNA synthesis requires a |
Template and a primer |
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Is DNA replication semi-conservative |
Yes |
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DNA replication is carried out by an enzyme called |
DNA Polymerase |
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DNA synthesis requires a 3'-OH to make the next? |
Phosphodiester bond during DNA Synthesis |
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Blocks formation of the next phosphodiester bond during DNA synthesis |
DdNTPs |
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Used to visualize the results of the sequencing reaction |
Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis |
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– portion of DNA that is cut |
Restricted DNA |
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enzymes that remove and destroy proteins in cell |
Proteinase K |
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meaning, the sequences of bases are read similar forward and backward. |
Palindromic |
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a DNA from two different organisms; fundamental tool in genetic engineering |
Restricted DNA |
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an enzyme that performs the process of ligation |
DNA Ligase |
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In PCR how many cycles does it require to produce 1 Billion copies |
30 Cycles |
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Two types of primer |
Forward Primer Backward Primer |
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PCR products 1 billion copies of genes overall |
Amplicons |