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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Trait
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genetically determined characteristic or condition
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Mutation
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change/departure from parent type in one or more hertable characteristics
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most recent common ancestor
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the most recent hereditary ancestor the species share
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Phylogeny tree
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shows the development of different speicies in relation to others, starts at ancestral protist w/ multicellularity
-first split is no true tissues vs. true tissues, and next radial vs. bilatteral symmetry |
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Parazoa
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sponges ONLY - body form is so different from all other species
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Eumetazoa
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all other animals
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Phylum Porifera
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sponges, porifera meaning 'pore-bearing'
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3 classes of Phylum Porifera
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Demospongae (bath), Ccalcara (calcified), Hexactinella (glass)
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osculum
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sponge opening
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spicules
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needle-like objects, surrounding osculum.
-provide suppore and protection for body and prevent small animals from entering central cavity |
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Central cavity
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serves as a channel for water which enters through the pores
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Spongin
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supportive material consisting of soft substance
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incurrent pores & canals
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allows for passage of water into spongocoel; canals open into choanocyte chambers
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choanocytes / collar cells
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line central cavity and channels leading into it, attached flagellas move water through the body.
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Cnidaria
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coral, jellies, sea anemones, porteguese man-of-wars
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Classes of Cnidaria
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Anthozoa (corals&anemones), Cubozoa (box jellies), Hydrozoa (P. m.o.w and hydra), Scyphozoa (true jellies)
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polyp
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sessile form - stuck on something using basal disc
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medusa
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motile form, floats around
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mouth
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the only opening to the digestive system and serves as both mouth and anus
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tentacles
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contain nematocysts and contract to provide slight movement through waters
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basal disc
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point of attachment to substrate
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mesoglea
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non-cellular gelatious material between inner and otter body walls (between epidermis and gastrodermis)
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cnidocytes
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stinging cells containt the nematocysts - used as defense mechanism or to secure prey
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nematocysts
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organelles inside cnidocytes holding capsules w/ coiled thread - whos barbs inject toxin into preys
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