Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
virus
|
a chromosome-like part surrounded by a protein coat.
|
|
parasite
|
an organism that lives in or in another living thing and gets food from it.
|
|
fission
|
the process of one organism dividing into two organisms
|
|
antibiotic
|
chemical substances that kill or slow the growth of bacteria
|
|
pasteurization
|
the process of heating milk to kill harmful bacteria
|
|
blue-green bacteria
|
small, one-celled monerans that contain chlorophyll and can make their own food
|
|
colony
|
a group of similar cells growing next to each other that do not depend on each other.
|
|
the human body's major defense against diseases
|
the immune system
|
|
TRUE / FALSE
Viruses reproduce by means of 'fission'. |
false?
|
|
pasteurization
|
The process of eliminating (killing) the harmful bacteria in milk by using heat to kill bacteria. Process was invented by Louis Pasteur, a Frenchman.
|
|
T/F Pasteurization is a heating process designed to kill bacteria in milk. It was created by Louis Pasteur
|
TRUE
|
|
a bacteria
|
Monerans that feed on dead organic matter or on lliving things.
|
|
a virus
|
A tiny fragment of genetic material -- either DNA or RNA -- which is wrapped in a capsule of protein.
|
|
communicable disease
|
a disease in which the disease-causing organism is passed from one host to another host.
|
|
a host
|
a living object that provides food and shelter for another living object. Think of a host and a guest. If you come to my house, I am your 'host'; you are my guest.
|
|
a toxin
|
a toxin is a chemical poison that is harmful to the body.
|
|
antibodies
|
proteins made by bacteria which can attach to other bacteria or to viruses and destroy them
|
|
immune system
|
the body's main line of defense against infection; the immune system includes the important 'white' blood cells
|
|
blue-green bacteria
|
monerans that contain chlorophyll
|
|
antibodies
|
proteins made by bacteria which can attach to other bacteria or to viruses and destroy them
|
|
immune system
|
the body's main line of defense against infection; the immune system includes the important 'white' blood cells
|
|
blue-green bacteria
|
monerans that contain chlorophyll
|
|
T/F Scientists classify bacteria by looking at shape.
|
TRUE
|
|
What is Sterilization?
|
A process that makes it impossible for a bacterial organism to reproduce itself. Usually by removing the food that a bacteria is able to eat.
|
|
How are bacteria different from blue-green bacteria?
|
'Bacteria' refers to monerans that eat dead or living organic material. Blue-green bacteria produce their own food by using photosynthesis.
|
|
A small piece of genetic material (a DNA or RNA molecule) that uses a host cell to reproduce itself is called a ________.
|
virus
|
|
Viruses (always, sometimes, never) need a host cell to reproduce itself.
|
ALWAYS
|
|
a microbe
|
any small living organism
|
|
What are vaccines and what are they made from?
|
Vaccines cause the body to MAKE ANTIBODIES. HOW? Well, Vaccines are made with dead or weakened forms of the same bacteria or viruses that cause the disease. Having the weakened or dead microbes in your blood provides protection for when your body meets healthy, disease-causing bacteria or viruses.
|
|
Is there a vaccine for every disease?
|
No, some diseases have no effective vaccine. For example, there is no vaccine for the AIDS virus, nor for the bronchitis virus, nor for the leprosy bacterium, or for the tuberculosis bacterium.
|
|
antibodies
|
These are protein substances that attach to bacterial cells or to viruses and destroy them.
|
|
White blood cells
|
These healthy blood cells are the most important weapon in the body's immune system. How? (1) They actually eat some bacteria, or (2) they may produce ANTIBODIES (protein compounds) which will attach to bacteria and virus and kill them.
|
|
How are bacteria classified?
|
They are classified by SHAPE.
|
|
antiBIOTIC
|
These are substances that stop the growth and spread of bacteria. Fungi can be used as an antibiotic. Antibiotics CANNOT be used to fight viruses. They only fight bacteria.
|
|
COMMUNICABLE DISEASE
|
A disease that can be passed from one host organism to another host organism.
|
|
sterilize
|
to eliminate the opportunity for an organism to grow and reproduce offspring.
|
|
Why is heart disease NOT a 'communicable disease'?
|
Heart disease is not caused by a living organism. Heart disease is caused by unhealthy eating choices. No living organism is hosted in the heart that will cause toxins to destroy the heart. Heart disease is a weakening of the ability of the heart to pump blood.
|