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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Animal cells? (4) |
Nucleus Cytoplasm Cell membrane Mitochondria |
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Nucleus |
Nucleus contains DNA instructions for making proteins eg the enzymes used in the chemical reactions of respiration and photosynthesis |
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Cytoplasm |
Gel like substance where proteins like enzymes are made. Some enzyme controlled reactions take place in the cytoplasm eg the reaction of anaerobic respiration |
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Cell membrane |
Hold cell together and controls what goes in and out, lets gases and water pass though freely while acting as a barrier for other chemicals |
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Mitochondria |
These are where the enzymes need for reaction of aerobic respiration are found and where the reaction takes place |
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Plant cells? (3) |
Rigid cell wall Vacuole Chloroplast |
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Rigid cell wall |
Made of cellulose supports cell and strengthens it |
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Mitochondria |
These are where the enzymes need for reaction of aerobic respiration are found and where the reaction takes place |
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Vacuole |
contains cell aap a weak solution of sugar and salts |
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Chloroplasts |
These are where the reactions of photosynthesis take place they contains a green substance called chlorophyll and the enzymes needed for photosynthesis |
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Yeast cell (5) |
Cell membrane Cytoplasm Nucleus Mitochondria Cell wall |
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Bacteria (4) |
Cell membrane Cell wall Cytoplasm Circular DNA molecule in the cytoplasm |
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What doesn't bacteria have? |
Nucleus Mitochondria but can still respire aerobically |
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Enzymes |
Proteins that speed up chemical reactions |
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Chemical reactions usually involve.. |
Being spilt apart or joined together |
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Substrate |
Is a Molecule that is changed in a reaction |
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In animal and some microorganisms anaerobic respiration can produce ethanol and carbon dioxide |
Glucose --> ethanol + co2 (+energy released) |
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Fermentation |
Is when microorganisms break down sugars into other products as they respire anaerobically |
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3 things we use fermentation for? |
Biomas Bread Alcohol |
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Biomas |
Fuel used for heating and lighting Someone ferments plant and animal waste which contain carbohydrates The biogas they produce is mainly methane and carbon dioxide |
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In animal and some microorganisms anaerobic respiration can produce ethanol and carbon dioxide |
Glucose --> ethanol + co2 (+energy released) |
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Fermentation |
Is when microorganisms break down sugars into other products as they respire anaerobically |
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3 things we use fermentation for? |
Biomas Bread Alcohol |
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Biomas |
Fuel used for heating and lighting Someone ferments plant and animal waste which contain carbohydrates The biogas they produce is mainly methane and carbon dioxide |
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Bread |
Made using yeast |
The yeast ferment the carbohydrates in the flour and release carbon dioxides this causes the flour to rise |
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Alcohol |
Yeast ferment sugar to form alcohol The sugar used in alcohol production comes from things like grades |
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Photosynthesis |
Is a series of chemical reactions that uses light energy from sunlight to produce food |
The food is glucose a sugar |
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Where does photosynthesis happen |
The cells in green plants leaf Some microorganisms phytoplankton |
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Temp |
Too cold The enzyme work slower Too hot the enzymes denature (45') |
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Graphs |
Back (Definition) |
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Carbon dioxide + water --> glucose + oxygen |
Back (Definition) |
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What's produced as a waste product in photosynthesis |
Oxygen |
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How do animals also get photosynthesis |
They eat the plants that have already converted it into glucose |
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3 main uses of glucose |
Respiration Chemicals for growth Stored as starch |
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Respiration |
Released energy from the glucose |
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Chemicals for growth |
1. Glucose is converted into you Celulose for making cell walls 2. Glucose is combined with nitrogen (from nitrates taken up from the soil by plants) to make amino acid's which are then made into proteins 3. Glucose is also used to make chlorophyll |
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Stored as starch |
Glucose is turned into starch and stored in the roots, stem and leaves. Is used at times when the rate of photosynthesis is slower like in the winter. |
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Graphs |
Back (Definition) |
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Transects |
A way of investigating how something changes across an area |
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How to set up transects |
Run a tape measure between two points Start at one end of the Transects and start collecting data Move along the Transect and carry of collecting data |
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Light meter |
Sensor that accurately measures level of light |
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Quadrat |
Quicker and easier Square frame divided into a grid of 100 smaller squares You count the square if it's more that half covered |
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Identification key |
To identify plants It's a series of questions that you can use to figure out what a plant is. You start with question one and The answer is used to narrow down your options of what is the plant could be eventually you are left with your plant |
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Diffusion basically is |
Gradual movement of particles from places where there are lots of them to places where there are a fewer of them. |
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Diffusion actual definition |
Diffusion is the passive overall movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to region of lower concentration |
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Transects |
A way of investigating how something changes across an area |
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How to set up transects |
Run a tape measure between two points Start at one end of the Transects and start collecting data Move along the Transect and carry of collecting data |
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Light meter |
Sensor that accurately measures level of light |
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Quadrat |
Quicker and easier Square frame divided into a grid of 100 smaller squares You count the square if it's more that half covered |
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Identification key |
To identify plants It's a series of questions that you can use to figure out what a plant is. You start with question one and The answer is used to narrow down your options of what is the plant could be eventually you are left with your plant |
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Diffusion basically is |
Gradual movement of particles from places where there are lots of them to places where there are a fewer of them. |
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Diffusion actual definition |
Diffusion is the passive overall movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to region of lower concentration |
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Passive |
Takes place without needing any energy |
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Osmosis basically is |
Type of diffusion The passive movement of water molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
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Osmosis actual definition |
Osmosis is the overall movement of water from a dilute to a more concentrated solution through a particle a permeable membrane |
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Partially permeable membrane is just.. |
One that only allows certain substances to defuse through it for example may only allow small molecules like water to pass through a lot larger molecules like sucrose |
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Plants take in water by osmosis |
Usually higher concentration of water in soil than inside a plant so the water is drawn into the root by osmosis |
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Active transport basically |
Sometimes chemicals like glucose need to be moved from an area with a lower concentration of chemicals to an area with higher concentration across a cell membrane. This is done by a process called active transport uses energy from respiration |
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Active transport actually definition |
Active transport is the overall movement of chemicals a cross a cell membrane from a region of low concentration to a region of higher concentration using energy released by respiration |
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