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126 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
distortion of color or form for emotional impact
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Expression
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human ability to make things; creativity of man as distinguished from the world of nature
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Art: Dictionary definition
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involves a degree of human involvement — through manual skills or thought — as with the word "artificial," meaning made by humans instead of by nature
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Art: Artforms definition
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particular material, along with its accompanying technique
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Medium
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4 examples of media
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photography, video, film, paint
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sacred circles used as religious meditation aid
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Mandala
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pieces of photographs pasted together to make a new image (like collage)
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Photomontage
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An overall feeling or emotion, often equated with expression; neutral colors, anger, trees withered, guardian angel, tidings associated with christmas
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Mood
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The __ arts improve the quality of our surroundings.
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utilitarian
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Art made with a combination of different materials is referred to as __________.
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Mixed Media
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having only basic form with little or no attempt at representation
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Abstract
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usually learned through family, relatives, or community through generations; little or no formal schooling
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Folk art
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A lot of the artwork in certain time periods look the same because of this type of training
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apprentice
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depicts the appearance of things - objects we recognize from the everyday world
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Representational
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3 types of representational art
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realistic, expressionistic, Tromp l'oleil
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freely
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Expressionistic
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fool the eye
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Trompe l'oleil
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Works of art that have no reference at all to natural objects (nonrepresentational); Works that depict natural objects in a simplified, distorted, or exaggerated way; may simplify shapes, add colors
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Abstract (non-representational)
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Art in which the objects are simplified or distorted is referred to as ______
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abstract
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the total effect of the combined visual qualities within a work (what we see); color, dimensions, line, mass, medium, scale, shape, space, texture, value
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Form
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message or meaning of the work; what a work of art is about; its subject matter
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Content
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Content is what we interpret and __________ is what we see.
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form
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the study of subject matter and symbolism in the visual arts; representational
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Iconography
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________ refers to an awareness of beauty or an elevated awareness of the viewer.
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Aesthetics
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The criteria for ________ is often based on culturally accepted standards
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beauty
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A work of art with no recognizable objects is called:
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non-representational
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__________ refers to the message or the meaning in a work of art.
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Content
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is the symbolic meaning of signs and subjects.
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Iconography
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__________ applies to art by artists who are part of established traditions of style, theme, and craftsmanship.
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Folkart
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The term __________ refers to art that depicts the appearance of things
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representational
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__________ art presents visual forms with no specific references to anything outside themselves.
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Non-representational
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any flat or level surface
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Plane
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a moving dot; path of a point moving in space; invisible line of site
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Line
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the points are connected and continuous
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Actual line
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not continuous but because of the context the viewer perceives as continuous
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Implied line
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line created by the edge of things
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Contour line
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creating shading space with parellel lines or is parallel that make gray
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Hatching
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Parallel lines that cross one another
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Crosshatching
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using dots to make different shades
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Stippling
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areas within a composition that have boundaries that separates them from what surrounds them
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Shape
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always unnatural and mathematical in appearance
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Geometric shapes
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things that resemble organisms in nature
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Organic shapes
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shapes in a work of art that you naturally look at; Objects or works that viewers naturally focus on
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Positive shapes
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whatever spaces left over. Can be empty space or unimportant imagery
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Negative shapes
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2 examples of Negative shapes
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shape of space & figure-ground reversals
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bulk in 3 dimensions
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Mass in 3d
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2 types of 3D
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closed form & open form
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sculpture is well contained, referring back into itself, closed (no arms, legs hanging out)
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Closed form
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breaks out into space
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Open form
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mass that is implied; can have in painting or drawing
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Mass in 2d
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the general receptical of all things; the bounded or boundless container of all objects
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Space
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building structure (architecture)
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3d
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implied space; decorative tomb
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2d
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for depth; one of the most important means of conveying an illusion of depth; when one thing lies over, partly covering something else
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Overlapping
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any means of representing 3d on a 2d surface
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Perspective
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a system of organizing space in 2d media wherein lines that in reality are parallel and horizontal are represented as diagonals converging on a point; a system of drawing or painting in which the artist attempts to create the illusion of spatial depth on a two-dimensional surface
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Linear Perspective
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view level
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Horizon
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point where all the angles are drawn out from to produce an illusion of depth in a two-dimensional representation of space
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Vanishing point
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diagnols that are pulled out from the vanishing point
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Orthogonals
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change the color and distinctness (sharpness) of objects viewed at a distance
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Atmoshperic Perspective
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may be the subject matter
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Time
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time may be an element
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Continuous narrative
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literal time (time as it is displayed)
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Manipulated time
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it changes form and may have time element
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Actual motion
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sculpture that literally moves
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Kinetic sculpture
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is electromagnetc energy
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Physical light
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lightness or darkness of something; The greater the light reflected the greater the light; make things pop
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Light Value
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Using light dark contrast to simulate 3d on 2d; example: painting egg
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Chiaroscuro
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red, yellow, blue
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Primary colors
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mixture of colors
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Secondary colors
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opposite on the color wheel
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Complimentary colors
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chooses one color make painting; different hues
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Monochromatic color
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colors adjacent to one another
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Analogous color
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color mixed with white
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Tint
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color mixed with a darker color
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Shade
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pureness of the color
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Saturation
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2 types of texture
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actual & visual simulated
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the actual paint
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Actual texture
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implied texture; illusion
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Visual simulated texture
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The elements of art are:
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line, color, texture, mass, shape, light, space, time, and motion.
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The phenomenon when positive and negative space change places - as seen in Escher's Sky and Water I painting is called:
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figure-ground reversal
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The method of creating the illusion of depth on a 2-D surface through the appearance of converging parallel lines and one or more vanishing points is called ____________
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linear perspective
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The relative lightness or darkness of a color is:
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value
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The gradual shifting from light to dark to create the illusion of a curved surface is __________
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chiaroscuro
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Opposites on the color wheel are called:
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compliments
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The saturation of a color is its:
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purity
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Works of art that use variations of one hue are referred to as:
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monochromatic
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Painter Georges Seurat developed the painting technique using small dots of color called ___________
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pointillism
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The surface/tactile quality of a work is ___________.
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texture
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__________ lines suggest a visual connection.
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Implied
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__________ shapes are irregular, sometimes curving and rounded.
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Organic
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Linear perspective uses a system of lines which appear to converge at a __________.
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vanishing point
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__________ colors are made by mixing equal portions of two primary colors.
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Secondary
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In __________ perspective parallel lines remain parallel, they do not converge as they recede
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isometric
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__________ refers to the physical bulk of a solid body of material of a three-dimensional area
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Mass
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When you add black to a hue it creates a __________.
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shade
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organization in visual element in 2D
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Composition
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both product of visual elements and process
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Design
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feeling of oneness or a wholeness; through patterns, concepts, colors, etc.
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Unity
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added difference to unity to make interesting
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Variety
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achievement of equilibrium, distribution of weight using visual elements
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Balance
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equal balance or mirror or exact matching of the left and right side in 2D & 3D
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Symmetrical balance
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Left and right sides are not the same
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Assymetrical balance
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specific parts of a work of art that seize and hold the viewers attention; it's what catches your eye
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Focal point
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paths for your eye to follow
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Directional forces
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to show difference
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Conrast
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putting 2 strong disimilar objects next to each other;
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Juxtaposition
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the same thing over and over again; Soft, curving shapes,
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Repetition
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regular recurrence of elements with related variations
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Repetition and Rhythm
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size relation to one another
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Scale
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size relationship of parts to a whole
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Proportion
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intentional distortion of scale to enlarge elements considered to be most important; higher in status
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Hierarchial scale
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The principles of design include
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Balance, unity, variety
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Which of the following occurs when nonequal forms, masses, or other elements balance one another?
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asymmetrical balance.
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___________ is the size relationship of the parts to a whole.
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Proportion
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The achievement of visual equilibrium in a work of art is _________.
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balance
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Repetition of similar elements in a work of art creates the illusion of:
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rhythm
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________ is the appearance or condition of oneness is work of art.
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Unity
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Which of the following occurs when equal forms, masses, or elements balance one another?
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symmetrical balance.
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The organization of visual elements in a in a work of art is referred to as ________.
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the composition
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The use of unnatural proportions to show the importance of the figures is called _______________.
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hierarchical scale
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The juxtaposition of strongly dissimilar elements is referred to as ____________.
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contrast
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A work of art possesses __________ when its visual weights or masses are distributed in such a way that they achieve harmony.
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balance
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Artists frequently stir the viewer's interest by creating __________ within unity.
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variety
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__________ is the size relation of one thing to another.
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Scale
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The direction of a line produces visual sensations. __________ lines create a sense of being at rest.
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Horizontal
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