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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Active Site
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The location where a substrate binds to an enzyme
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Active Transport
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Uses energy to transport substances against a concentration gradient
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Aerobic
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Uses Oxygen
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Allele
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Different form of the same gene
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Biomass
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Amount of biological material
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Carnivore
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Meat-eater
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Catalyst
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Speeds up reactions
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Cellulose
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The chemical cell walls are made from
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Chlorophyll
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Green pigment in chloroplasts
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Chloroplast
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Where photosynthesis happens
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Differentiated
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A cell that has become specialised for a particular role
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Chromosome
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A section of DNA
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Combustion
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The process of burning
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Consumer
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Something that eats something else
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Cytoplasm
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Jelly-like substance in cells. Where reactions happen
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Decay
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To break down into smaller parts
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Decomposer
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Micro-organisms that break down material into simple molecules
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Denature
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Protein structure of enzyme broken down so enzyme cannot work
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Detritus
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Waste material
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Diabetes
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A condition where your blood glucose level is hard to maintain
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Diffusion
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When particles move from a high to a low concentration
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Digestion
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The breaking down of food into smaller soluble molecules
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Dominant
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Characteristic that shows up in offspring even if 1 allele is present
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Emulsify
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Break down large droplets (e.g. fats and oils) into smaller ones
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Enzyme
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Biological catalysts
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Epidermis
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The top and bottom layer on leaves
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Fertilisation
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When a male and female gamete join
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Gene
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The unit of inheritance (part of a chromosome)
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Glucagon
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Hormone that converts glycogen to glucose in the Liver
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Glycogen
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Carbohydrate store
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Herbivore
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Only eats plants
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Homeostasis
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The balance of internal conditions
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Inheritance
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How we get some features from our parents
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Insoluble
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Does not dissolve
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Insulin
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Hormone that controls the removal of glucose from your blood
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Iodine
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used to test for Starch (goes blue/black if starch is there)
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Limiting Factor
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A factor that will prevent the rate of photosynthesis being the highest possible
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Lipids
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Fats and OIls
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Magnesium
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Needed by plants to make chlorophyll
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Meiosis
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2 stage Sexual cell division. Forms 4 daughter cells with half number of chromosomes
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Mendel
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Performed experiments with Peas. Came up with the idea of dominant and recessive
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Mitochondria
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The site of aerobic respiration (energy released)
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Mitosis
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Asexual cell division forming 2 identical daughter cells
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Nitrates
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Needed by plants to make proteins
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Osmosis
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Movement of WATER from a high to a low concentration across a partially permeable membrane
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Palisade Cell
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Long thin cell in Leaves - contain chloroplasts
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Pancreas
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Organ that releases 2 hormones, Glucagon and Insulin, Glucagon and Insulin
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Phloem
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Living ‘Tubes’ that transport sugars around the plant
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Photosynthesis
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Process that converts light energy, CO2, and water into Glucose and Oxygen
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Producer
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A green plant
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Pyramid of biomass
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Shows how the amount of biological material decreases as you move up a food chain
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Recessive
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Characteristic only shows up in offspring if BOTH alleles are present
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Respiration
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Process that uses glucose and oxygen to form CO2, Water and releases energy
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Ribosome
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Where proteins are made in cells
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Soluble
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Will dissolve
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Starch
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Plants store glucose in this form
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Stem Cell
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A cell that has not become specialised
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Stomata
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the ‘holes’ or ‘valves’ in leaves that allow gases to enter and leave
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Thermoregulatory Centre
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Part of the brain that controls response to changing temperature
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Urea
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Produced by the Liver due to the breakdown of excess amino acids
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Vacuole
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Gives cell support. Provides a storage area for plants (e.g Starch)
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Xylem
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Non-living ‘tubes’ that transport water and dissolved minerals around plants
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