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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Middletown
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1929 book that was a study of “modern American culture”
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Election of 1920-
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Republican Harding defeated Democrat Cox with his return to “normalcy” campaign which promoted business and conservative cultural values
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Andrew W. Mellon-
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Conservative, tax-cutting sec of treasury under Harding
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Herbert Hoover-
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Sec of Commerce under Harding who promoted voluntary gov’t-business cooperation
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Teapot Dome scandal-
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Harding’s sec of Interior Albert Fall convicted in 1924 of taking bribes to lease land in WY for oil drilling
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Calvin Coolidge-
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Harding’s VP who took over after Harding’s death in 1923. Nicknamed “Silent Cal”.
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Election of 1924-
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Republican Coolidge soundly defeated Democrat Davis and Progressive LaFollette
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Sheppard-Towner Federal-
Maternity and Infancy Act |
1921 law that created well-baby clinics & educational programs for women
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Henry Ford-
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Founder of Ford Motor Company whose “rags to riches” story inspired many
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Oligopoly-
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Situation where a few control much (e.g. a few businesses controlled much of an industry)
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Alfred P. Sloan-
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General Motors manager who refined the modern, multiunit, industrial organization
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The American Plan-
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US business approach that provided health insurance & old-age pensions (which in other industrial nations were often provided by the gov’t) in order to discourage unionization
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Fordney-McCumber Tariff-
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1922 protective tariff
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Hawley-Smoot Tariff-
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1930 protective tariff
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Dawes Plan-
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1924 plan to help Germany pay WWI reparations with US loans
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Isolationism
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Popular 1920s philosophy to stay out of world (particularly European) political affairs
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Washington Naval Arms-
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1921 US-led agreement to limit navies
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Kellogg-Briand Peace Pact-
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1928 multi-nation agreement to renounce war as an “instrument of national policy”
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Mass Culture-
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Idea of cultural attitudes, entertainments, products embraced by the most of the population
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Consumer Culture-
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Idea that culture is measured by the products it consumes, not the ideas or values it embraces
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Installment Plan-
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The “buy now, pay later” method of consumption popular in the 1920s
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Automobility-
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1920s term to describe how the auto ended rural isolationism
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Flappers-
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1920s female icon embodied by silent film stars like Clara Bow who wore short skirts and makeup, loved jazz and asserted her independence
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Jazz Age-
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Term used for 1920s when jazz music by people like Louis Armstrong, Bessie Smith & Duke Ellington became popular
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Radio
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Popular 1920s home entertainment
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“Black Sox” scandal-
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1919 baseball scandal in which a few Chicago White Sox players were paid to throw the World Series
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Charles Lindbergh-
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Pilot whose solo flight from NY city to Paris in his Spirit of St Louis made him an hero in 1927
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Model T-
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Ford’s popular car of the 1920s
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Nativism-
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1920s anti-immigration movement
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National Origins Act-
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1924 immigration-reducing law
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Ku Klux Klan-
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Racist, anti-immigrant organization that experienced resurgence in the 1920s after Griffith’s film Birth of a Nation (1915) glorified it. It declined rapidly after 1925 when its leader the Grand Dragon David Stephenson was accused of assaulting his secretary
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Fundamentalists-
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People who hold strong, unchanging ideas (generally about religion)
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Scopes Trial-
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1925 TN “monkey trial” over the teaching of evolution won by creationist and perennial presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan against American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU)’s Clarence Darrow
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Eighteenth Amendment-
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Prohibition amendment which took effect in 1920 and was repealed in 1933
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Speakeasies-
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Prohibition-era saloons which sold “bathtub gin” provided by “bootleggers” and organized gangsters like Al Capone who helped to create powerful crime organizations like the Mafia
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Lost Generation-
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Writers like Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, TS Eliot, Gertrude Stein & John Dos Passos whose work reflected a deep cynicism about the world brought on by the devastation of WWI
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Modernist Movement-
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Parisian art school that emphasized skepticism, experimentation and rejection of traditions
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Twenties literature-
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Tended to challenge traditions, consumerism & isolationism and embodied by the works of writers like Mencken, Marianne Moore, Sinclair Lewis, Theodore Dreiser, Robert Frost, Edith Wharton, Eugene O’Neill, William Faulkner & Sherwood Anderson
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Harlem Renaissance-
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African American cultural movement centered in Harlem, NY City and led by people like Reverend Adam Clayton Powell, Alain Locke, Langston Hughes, Jean Toomer & Zora Neale Hurston
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New Negro-
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Idea embraced by Harlem Renaissance that blacks were equal and would assert their cultural equality
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Marcus Garvey-
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Leader of the United Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) which championed black separatism who went to jail for fraud in 1925
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Election of 1928-
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Democrat Al Smith is defeated by Republican Herbert Hoover
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