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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Describe the physiological properties that all muscle types have in common.
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Responsiveness (excitability),Conductivity, Contraction, Extensibility, Elasticity
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List the defining characteristics of skeletal muscle
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-striated
-voluntary -attached to bone -makes movement possible -huge compared to other cells -more than one nucleus |
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Muscle Fibers
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-makes muscle cells
-long, tube-like cells -runs the length of the muscle -work electrically -are insulated by Perimysium |
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Epimysium
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the conective tissue wrapping around the whole muscle.
it is the outermost wrapping of connective tissue since it covers the muscle. |
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Muscle Fascicles
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bundles of muscle fibers
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Perimysium
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Connective tissue wrapping around the Muscle Fascicles.
It provides insulation and blood vessels to all the muscle fibers inside. (this makes ATP possible) |
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Sarcoplasm
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Muscle fiber cytoplasm.
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Muscle fibers are full of ________ that produce ____, which is necessary for _______.
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Mitochondria
ATP Movement |
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Sarcolemma
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-The cell membrane in muscle cells
-It dive into cells forming t-tubules -when muscles contract, electrical signals must run along it. |
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T-tubules
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-Tubes of cell membranes within the muscle fiber.
-Muscle fibers need these to carry electrical signals required for contraction deep into cells -acts like little channels to carry electrical activity into depths of the muscle fiber. |
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Sarcoplasmic reticulum
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-The special type of smooth endoplasmic reticulum found in smooth and striated muscle fibers whose function is to store and release calcium ions.
-The sarcoplasmic reticulum releases calcium ions during muscle contraction and absorb them during relaxation. |
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Myofibril
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-The special type of smooth endoplasmic reticulum found in smooth and striated muscle fibers whose function is to store and release calcium ions.
-a longitudinal, multicellular fibre, characteristic of striated (i.e. skeletal and cardiac) muscle, formed of actin and myosin filaments; Ca2+ interaction between actin/myosin causes increasing linear overlap of these protein molecules, with resultant muscle tension/contraction -gives striped appearance to striated muscle |
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sarcomere
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the contractile unit of a myofibril; sarcomeres are repeating units, delimited by the Z bands along the length of the myofibril.
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actin myofilament
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a cellular protein found in myofilaments that is active in muscular contractions, cellular movement and maintenance of cell shape.
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myosin myofilaments
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a fibrous globulin of muscle that reacts with actin to form actomyosin.
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Each whole muscle is comprised of a series of increasingly smaller parallel units
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-A muscle is composed of many fascicles
-fascicles contain many muscle fibers (cells) -Muscle fibers consist of several myofibrils -myofibrils are made of long chains of sacomeres arranged end-to-end, loke the cars of a train. -Sarcomeres are formed by regularly arranged thick (myosin) & thin (actin) proteins called myofilaments. |