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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
the social institution characterized by sacred stories, symbols, and symbolism is called
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b. religion
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a social movement that occurs in times of great duress and change in which religious leaders emerge and undertake to alter a society is called
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d. revitalization
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what concept did EB Tylor propose, referring to the earliest form of religion as as belief in spirits or beings?
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a. animism
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which of the following is not one of the three stages of the rite of passage?
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d. preparation
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what term refers to the manipulation of the supernatural to accomplish specific goals?
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b. magic
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what kind of magic is based on the belief that whatever is done to an object will affect a person who once had contact with it?
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a. contagious magic
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what is the term for the marginal or in-between phase of a rite of passage?
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d. liminality
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as pertaining to rites of passage, "communitas" can be described or defined as
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b. collective liminality
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what kind of religion is most frequently found in foraging bands?
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b. shamanic
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what term refers to a custom or social action that operated to reduce differences in wealth and bring standouts in line with community norms
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e. leveling mechanism
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for a !kung healer to be effective, he must enter a state of
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a. half death
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which of the following is NOT a function of religion as discussed in lecture?
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d. helps p-time people navigate in M-time
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what are rituals of intensification
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c. rituals directed towards (or celebrating) the welfare of the group or community rather than the individual
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Durkheim's notion of effervesence and turner's communitas refer to
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d. the intense emotional and social experience of ritual
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although the incest taboo is a cultural universal, cultures define incest differently. For example, in many cultures it is incestuous to marry parallel cousins but not cross-cousins. what is the difference?
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a. the children of two borthers or two sisters are parallel cousins. The children of a brothers and a sister are cross-cousins
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what term refers to one of the two descent groups in a given population?
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c. moiety
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sometimes, two religions meet because of acculturation and merge, forming a new amalgamated religion. this process is known as
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e. syncretism
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the incest taboo is a cultural universal, but
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b. not all cultures define incest the same way
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there is no simple or universally accepted explanation for the fact that all cultures ban incest. However, the most accepted explanation for the incest taboo is
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a. genetically programmed instinctive horror
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what term refers to the culturally sanctioned practice of marrying someone within a group to which one belongs?
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d. endogamy
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in the united states, the rise in female employment, especially professional careers, when coupled with ____, has dramatically increased household incomes in the upper classes. this pattern has been on factor sharpening the contrast in household income between the richest and poorest populations of americans
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a. homogamy
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when the actor-hunter entered the village in the movie N!IA, he lifted his son up in the air and said:
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a. "Hello you little creep!"
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in the film NAI what was not a major consequence of white people moving into !Kung territory
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e. the !kung lived in a smaller group away from others
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Marjorie Shostak returend to Botswana for a second fieldtrip after a period of ____ years.
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b. four
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Nisa's daughter Nai was killed by
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e. nai's husband
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what term refers to a gift made by the husband and his kin to the kin of his bride?
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d. bridewealth
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what is the name of the custom by which a widower marries the sister of his deceased wife?
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a. sororate marriage
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according to lecture, what percentage of the world's societies allow for multiple spouses?
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d. 75%
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which is not one of the family models discussed in class?
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c. normal
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a genitor is
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a. biological father
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when a woman has more than one husband it is called
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c. polyandry
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the position on a genealogy chart that is darkly shaded and usually square is
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a. ego
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according to lecture, which of the following is not a function of marriage
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d. ensure stable family structure through monogamy
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the cultural practice of bestowing power or rule to the eldest son through mechanism of inheritance is an example of what?
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a. primogeniture
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in this type of unilineal descent, children are in their father's descent group exclusively
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a. patrilineal
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someone who is related to you by marriage is
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c. affinal relative
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a person's male relations are
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d. agnatic relatives
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in a bifurcate merging kinship system, which of the following would be called by the same term?
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b. M and MZ
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in the sudan, a Nuer woman can marry a woman if her father has only daughters but no male heirs, this is done to maintain the patrilineage. The "wife" has sex with a man or men until she gets pregnant. the children born are then accepted as offspring of both the female husband (the "pater") and the wife. what is important in this example is
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b. social rather than biological paternity, illustrating how kinship is socially constructed
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which of the following would be ego's cross cousin
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a. MBS
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inclusion of the father in the household is less important in which type of society
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d. matrilineal
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this type of kinship system gives each related person a different label or title
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b. sudanese
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a unilineal descent group whose members demonstrate their common descent from a known (not mythic) apical ancestor is a
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b. lineage
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what does it mean that kinship, like race, is culturally constructed?
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e. some genealogical kin are considered to be relatives whereas others are not, and the rules are underlying such considerations vary across cultures
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which of the following does not belong to ego's matrilineage?
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a. FM
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a unilineal descent group whose members demonstrate their common descent from an unknown (mythical) apical ancestor is a
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a. clan
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what is the name for the family in which a child is raised?
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b. family of orientation
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what is the name of the postmarital residence pattern in which the married couple is expected to establish its own home
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b. patrilocality
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like ethnicity and language, religion also is
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e. associated with the social divisions within and between societies and nations
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how did socioeconomic theorist Karl Marx perceive socioeconomic stratification within the 19th century industrial (capitalist) system?
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d. a division between two opposed classes; the bourgeoisie and the proletariat
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