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141 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Pig
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< 120 lbs swine
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Hog
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> 120 lbs swine
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Barrow
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Castrated Male Pig
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Boar
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Intact Male Pig
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Dock
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Remove tail
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Ear Notching
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method of identification
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Farrow
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Parturition in pigs
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Fecundity
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ability to produce many offspring
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Feeder Pig
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a pig whose age and weight are ready for finishing
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Gilt
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young female pig before first farrowing
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Litter
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group of piglets farrowed at one delivery
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Porcine
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pertaining to swine
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Sow
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female after giving birth to first litter
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Tusk
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enlarged pig tooth – often it’s removed
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Chick
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baby chicken
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Pult
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baby turkey
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Pullet
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Young female chicken < 1 yr
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Hen
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Old female > 1 yr chicken, all female turkeys
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Cockrel
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young male chicken < 1 yr
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Jake
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young male turkey < 1 yr
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Rooster
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old male chicken > 1 yr
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Tom
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old male turkey > 1 yr
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Capon
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castrated male chicken or turkey
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Broiler
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bird < 8 weeks old
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Roaster
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bird > 8 weeks old
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Cornish Game Hen
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< (=) 2 1/2 lbs
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Which classes of bird are moved to new facilities during their growth or production?
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All of them
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Tunnel Ventilation?
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Air is moved lengthwise in the house
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Bird species with the shortest incubation period?
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Japanese Quail
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For Commercial Hens, what number of production cycles is used?
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1
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Which dairy breed has the highest milk test?
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Jersey
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Which dairy breed has the highest milk volume?
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Holstein
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Dairy Industry from the 1920's to now
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- Avg production from individual cows has remained constant
- Most milk is sold directly to the consumer - It takes less labor today - There are more dairies today |
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If an animal has scours, what is the most important immediate issue with that animal?
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Isolation of the calf so the problem doesn't spread
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Based on State rankings of dairy herds, which states have shown dramatic increases in production?
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Idaho and New Mexico
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What determines when to breed a dairy heifer?
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Age, Weight and Breed
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Why are first calf heifers first to be milked?
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Lowest possibility of mastitis
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When will a sow show signs of heat?
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3-7 days after weaning
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Gestation length of a swine?
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3 months 3 weeks 3 days
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Weaning of piglets occurs?
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2-3 months after a sow farrows
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Ringing in swine is done to ____?
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Prevent rooting
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Which of the following breeds are not considered "cold-blooded"?
Percheron Thoroughbred Quarter Horse P&T T&QH |
Thoroughbred & QH
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When breeding horses,w hat time of year will give the poorest results?
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Nov-Feb
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Where did the original domestication of the horse occur?
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Central Asia
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A "hand" refers to:
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A unit of measure to determine height
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When was the Golden Age of horses?
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1890's - 1920's in the US
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Why was the Golden Age of horses considered that?
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The population of horses was highest at the time
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In horses, what is an example of a warm-blooded breed?
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Cross between a Draft breed and a Racing Breed
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Which horse color requires a dorsal strip?
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Dun
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What determines whether a female horse is a filly or a mare?
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Age
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What is boar taint?
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Off smelling meat from processing intact male hogs
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For efficient breeding of dairy cows, when should breeding occur?
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At the end of the lactation cycle
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If fertile chicken eggs are stored for 17 days before incubating...?
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Hatchability declines
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What is Phase Feeding in the swine and poultry industries?
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Animals are fed variable diets at different times during the grow cycle
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During the lactation cycle, the body weight of a dairy cow...
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Increases early and decreases late in the cycle
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What classifies a product or species as Non-Traditional?
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Low production numbers
Original supply was wild caught High price Low acceptance by avg consumer |
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In which two species do producers routinely dock tails?
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Swine and Sheep
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The bulk of rabbit production is found in what region?
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Europe
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Crop milk is fed to which Non-Traditional species?
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Squab
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In aquaculture, Double Cropping management is when...?
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Two different species are raised in the same facilities during different seasons
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Define POLLED.
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Naturally hornless cattle
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OX
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Old steer, with horns, for draft purposes
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BULL
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Mature Male
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COW
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Mature Female
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STEER
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Castrated Male
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HEIFER
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Female Before 1st Parturition
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STOCKER
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Heifer or Steer destined for slaughter
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LAMB
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Young sheep
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EWE
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Female sheep
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RAM
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Male sheep
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WETHER
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Castrated male sheep or goat
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KID
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Young goat
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DOE
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Female goat
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BUCK
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Male goat
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MOHAIR
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Angora goat fur
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MARE
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Mature female horse
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STALLION
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Mature intact male
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GELDING
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Castrated Male
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FILLY
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Immature Female (< 3 years)
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COLT
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Immature Male (< 3 years)
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FOAL
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Baby still at mare's side
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PONY
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Small horse (< 14 hands)
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JACK
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Male Donkey
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JENNET
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Female Donkey
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MULE
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Jack x Mare
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HINNY
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Stallion x Jennet
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"HAND"
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4 inches
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AGE AT HARVEST?
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Beef: 14-18 months
Swine/Sheep: 6-8 months Egg Layers: 105 weeks Broilers: 6-7 weeks Turkeys: 12-30 weeks |
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ESTROUS CYCLE LENGTH?
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Horse: 21-23 days
Beef/Swine: 21 days Sheep: 4-19 days |
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HEAT (ESTRUS) DURATION?
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Beef: 9-24 hours
Sheep: 24-36 hours Swine: 12-72 hours Horse: 3-7 days |
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GESTATION PERIOD?
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Horse: 11 months
Beef: 9 months Sheep: 5 months Swine: 3 months 3 weeks 3 days |
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COMPARTMENTS OF THE RUMEN?
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Rumen
Reticulum Omasum Abomasum |
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FUNCTION OF RUMEN?
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Solid feed is mixed and partially broken down
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FUNCTION OF RETICULUM?
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Traps foreign materials
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FUNCTION OF OMASUM?
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Grinds and removes some water from feed
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FUNCTION OF ABOMASUM?
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Similar to stomach in monogastric animals
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HOGGET
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Female Sheep before Puberty
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BEEF:
What breeds would be considered the most heat tolerant? |
Brahman
Hereford Texas Longhorn |
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What breed produces the leanest carcass?
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Texas Longhorn
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What breeds are polled?
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All except Brahman and Texas Longhorn
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What breed is superior for growth?
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Charolais
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What breeds were developed in the US?
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Brangus
Santa Gertrudis Texas Longhorn |
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What breed is the most popular and has the highest quality meat?
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Angus
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What breed has the highest fertility?
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Hereford
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What breed is dual-purpose?
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Simmental
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SHEEP:
What breeds are valued for out of season lambing? |
Dorset
Polypay Finnsheep |
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What breed has the smallest fiber diameter fleece?
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Merino
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What breeds have the highest growth rate?
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Hampshire
Suffolk |
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What breed has large litters at birth?
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Finnsheep
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What breed is small but very muscular?
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Southdown
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What breeds are considered dual purpose?
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Columbia
Corriedale |
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DAIRY:
What breed is the smallest in stature? |
Jersey
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What breeds are considered dual purpose?
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Milking Shorthorn
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Which breed produces the most milk on average?
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Holstein
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Which breed produces milk which is golden in color?
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Guernsey
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Which breed produces milk with the highest concentration of milk fat and protein?
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Jersey
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Which breed is the largest in stature?
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Brown Swiss
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SWINE:
Which breed is known for carcass leanness? |
Hampshire
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Which breed is known for increased litter size and body length?
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Landrace
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Which breed is superior for growth rate?
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Duroc
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Which breed is superior for meat quality?
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Berkshire
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Which breed is the most popular in the US?
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Yorkshire
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What breeds are known as maternal breeds?
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Yorkshire
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What breeds are known as terminal breeds?
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Berkshires
Duroc Hampshire |
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HORSES:
What breed is considered the fastest of all the breeds? |
Throughbred
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What breed is known for speed at a short distance?
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Quarterhorse
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What breed is known for speed and endurance?
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Morgan
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BAY
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Red/Tan/Brown
Black Points |
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BLACK
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No light areas around muzzle or flanks
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BROWN
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Black with light areas around muzzle and flanks
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SORREL
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Red/Tan/Brown
Black or White Points |
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CHESTNUT
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Dark Red all over
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GREY
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Mix of White and Black hair over all
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ROAN
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White + Red = Red Roan
White + Chestnut = Strawberry Roan White + Black = Blue Roan |
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BLAZE
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Stripe on face
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STAR
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White spot on head
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SNIT
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Small spot of white on end of nose
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STRIP
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Thin white blaze on face
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GAITS/BEATS
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2 - Trot
3 - Canter 4 - Gallop (Walk) |
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WESTERN VS ENGLISH STYLE RIDING
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Western: for length of time
English: for speed |
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DUN
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Greyish-yellow
Black mane and Tail White blaze on face |