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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
nervous system subdivision that is composed of the brain and spinal cord
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CNS
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subdivision of the PNS that acontrols voluntary activities such as the activation of skeletal muscles
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somatic nervous system
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nervous system subdivision that is composed of the cranial and spinal nerves and ganglia
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PNS
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subdivision of the PNS that regulates the activity of the heart and smooth muscle and of glands; it is also called the involuntary nervous system
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autonomic nervous system
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a major subdivision of the nervous system that interprets incoming info and issues orders
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CNS
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a major subdivision of the nervous system that serves as communication lines, linking all parts of thebody to the CNS
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PNS
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releases neurotransmitters
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axonal terminal
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conducts electrical currents toward the cell body
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dendrite
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increases the speed of impulse transmission
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myelin sheath
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location of the nucleus
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cell body
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genergall conducts impulses away from the cell body
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axon
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support, insulate and protect cells
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neuroglia
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demonstate irritablilty and conductivity and thus transmit electrical messages from one area of the body to another area
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neurons
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are amitiotic
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neurons
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able to divide; therefore are responsibe for most brian neoplasms
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neuroglia
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outermost covering of th brian, composed of tough fibrous connective tissue
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dura mater
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inner most covering of the brain; delicate and vascular
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pia mater
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middle meningeal layer; like a cobweb in structure
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arachnoid mater
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period of repolarization of the neuron during which it cannot respond to a second stimulus
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refactory period
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release neurotransmitters
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neurons
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state in which the resting potential is reserved as sodum ions rush into the neuron
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depolarization
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electrical condition of the plasma membrane of a resting neuron
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polarized
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period during which potassium ions diffuse out the neuron
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repolarization
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transmissino of the depolarization wave along the nueron's membrane
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action potential
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the chief ositive intracellular ion in a resting neuron
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potassium ions
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proscess by which ATP is used to move sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions back into the cell; completely restores the resting condition of the neuron
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sodium-potassium pump
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patellar reflex
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somatic
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pupillary light reflex
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autonomic
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effectors are skeletal muscles
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somatic
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effectors are smooth muscle and glands
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autonomic
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flexor reflex
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somatic
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regulation of blood pressure
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autonomic
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salivary reflex
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autonomic
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what is brain protection for? (protections of the CNS)
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shock absorbers
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Layers of head
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dura mater, anarchnoid mater, subarachnoid space CSF, pia mater
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anterior horn
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somatic motor
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lateral horns
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autonomic motor
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posterior horn
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sensory
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steps of neuron impulses in the spinal cord
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1. stimulus
2. sensory/afferent nerve 3. interneuron association neuron 4. motor/efferent neuron 5. action effector |
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parts of the brain stem
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midbrain, pons, medulla
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what does the brain stem do?
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connects parts of thenervous system; controls visceral activites
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function of midbrain?
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visual and auditory reflex centers
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function for pon?
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control of breathing
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function of medulla?
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cardiac, vascumotor and respiratory systems. heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, swallowing and vomiting
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dicencephalon (interbrain) does what?
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sensory info
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diencephalon consists of what?
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hypothalmus, thalamus, hippocampus, and amygdala
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function of hypothalamus?
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body temp, water balance, metabloism. drives and emotions
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funtion of thalamus?
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central relay center for sensory impulses-awareness of pain touch and temp.
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function of hippocampus?
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short-term mem
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function of hippocampus?
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short-term mem
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function of the amygdala?
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emotional center
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what is cerebrum?
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motor functions. higher though, mem and reasoning
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largest part of the brain?
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cerebrum
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parietal lobe
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somatic sensory area. understanding speech
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occiptal lobe
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visual area
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temporal
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auditory area, olfactoryarea. some mem.
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frontal lobe
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skeletal muscle movements. concentration, planning and problem solving. some mem. has broca's area
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what is broca's area?
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motor speech
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precentral gyrus
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controls broca's area
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postcentral gyrus
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sensory cortex; intergrating info
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fissures
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less numerou- deeper groves-divides part of the brain
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corpus callosum
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made up of white matter (to make info go faster).connects cerebral hemispheres so that they communcaite.
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cerebellum
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balance of body, coordination
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CNS
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brain and spinal cord. acts an intergrating and command center
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PNS
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spinal nerves, cranial nerves. links all parts of thebody by carrying impulses
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