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80 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The _____ contains enzymes that are associated with protein synthesis.
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Ribosome
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The cells in heart muscles are often held together by areas called _______?
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Gap junctions
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Hormones come in contact with the ______ molecules in a membrane.
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Rod-like protein
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These molecules freely pass through a cell membrane. Oxygen, carbon dioxide, and certain lipids.
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Amino acids do not
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A human cell membrane is comprised of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates.
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Not nucleic acids
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A cell membrane allows only needed substances to pass and is therefore called ______?
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Selective
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A ribosome is an example of a ______?
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Organelle
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In the liver, _______ may play a role in producing the enzymes that help detoxify drugs.
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Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
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Faciliated diffusion is the process where a glucose molecule moves through a cell membrane protein carrier from a region of greater concentration to one of lower concentration.
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Facilitated diffusion
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The area of the _______ is the part of the nucleus where ribosome production occurs.
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Nucleolus
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_______ are organelle that consists of microtubules and function both in distributing chromosomes during cell division and forming portions of cilia and flagella.
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Centrosome
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_______ provide both structural support and the enzymes needed to make proteins from amino acid building blocks.
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Ribosomes
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The type of proteins that guide cells on the move in the bloodstream to their destination at a wound site are _____ ______ _______.
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Cell adhesive molecules
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During hyperplasia cells are dividing at a rapid rate and may progress towards a _______ state.
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Cancerous
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Chromosomes are aligned along the equatorial line during the _______ stage of division.
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Metephase
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The process that results in daughter cells with half of the original chromosome number is ________.
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Meiosis
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The protein actin is found in ________, which results some type of movement or contraction.
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Microfilaments
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The _______ is the organelle that plays a complex function in cell reproduction.
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Centriole
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The ________ contain enzymes that are used to degrade foreign particles asnwell as cell structures.
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Lyosomes
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The inside lining of the digestive tract is lined with cells that are held together by ________ _______.
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Tight junction
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The _________ proteins in a membrane function as enzymes.
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Peripheral
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_____ ______ _____ are the smallest cells at 7.5 micrometers.
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Red blood cells
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The __________ is the source of most of the cellular energy.
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Mitochondrion
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Two major parts of a cell are the nucleus and ________?
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Membrane
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The ______ ______ functions to package molecules into vesicles that can be transported out of a cell.
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Golgi apparatus
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A combination of a sugar with a protein is a _________.
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Glycoprotein
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The _______ ______ functions as a sac-like or tubular network of structures that provides transport.
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Endoplasmic reticulum
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The cristae are the inner portions of the ________.
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Mitochondria
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Catalase is an enzyme, which degrades ________.
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Hydrogen peroxide
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The structures that cause fluids and mucus to move across their surface are the _______.
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Cilia
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Which one of the human cells does not have a flagellum?
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A. Sperm
B. Kidneys C. Intestine * D. Testes |
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Membranous sacs that contain fluids or particles for transport are called the __________.
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Vesicles
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_______ is the term for chemical particles in a cell which appear lifeless and have no obvious function.
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Inclusion
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Glycogen, melanin, and lipids are inclusions.
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Vesicles are not inclusions
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The movement of particles from higher to lower concentration is termed as ________?
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Diffusion
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Increased temp, increased concentration, and shorter distances will increase the rate of diffusion.
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Increased molecular weight will not increase the rate of diffusion
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Movement of particles from higher to lower concentrations through a membrane, such as in dialysis, occurs by ________.
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Diffusion
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Membranes that have a higher osmotic pressure on one side tend to _______________?
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Draw water towards that side
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Hypertonic solutions tend to causes cells to __________?
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Shrink
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Normal isotonic sodium chloride solution is ______?
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0.9%
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The movement of a salt through a membrane, such as in a kidney, because of pressure differences is called________?
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Filtration
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Hydrostatic refers to pressure of _________?
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The solvent
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Movement of molecules from low to high concentrations is _________?
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Active transport
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In receptor-mediated endocytosis, an LDL particlebof cholesterol is attracted to cells that contain________?
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Apoprotein-B receptors
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As a result of mitosis, the number of chromosomes ______________.
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Is doubled
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It which stages does the chromosomes number double?
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Interphase
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Two chromatids are attached at the _______region?
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Centromere
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The centromeres divide during the_________ stagebof mitosis.
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Anaphase
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The main division process in the early embryo is _________?
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Mitosis
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Cancer cells can disseminate to other areas by a process called ________?
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Metasis
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Which channel-blocker medication can be used to treat hypertension or angina pectoris?
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Calcium
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What type of cell is a bacterium?
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Prokaryotic
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The _________ of a cell is the most critical factor in determining it's function.
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Shape
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The ________of the cell directs it's overall activities as well as houses it's genetic material.
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Nucleus
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Cells use up to 40% of their daily energy expenditure engaged in what important process?
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Active transport
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During what phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
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S phase
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Chromosomes align midway between centrioles during what phase of mitosis?
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Metaphase
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DNA can be found within chromosomes during division but priornto division DNA exists as long thin _______ strands.
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Chromatin
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Which Chemicals on the surface of cells function to attach to and recognize hormones?
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Proteins
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The term _______ can be used to imply all the of the chemical reactions within a cell.
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Metabolism
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The cristae are structures found within the _______ organelle.
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Mitochondrion
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Diffusion, osmosis, and passive transport are (passive) transport processes.
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Active transport requires energy
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One mechanism in the skin that prevents cells from becoming loose and separating is the presence of junctions called desmosomes.
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True
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A TEM is a device that is used to magnify a cell only about 1,000 times.
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False
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Smooth endoplasmic reticulum has a significant function in protein synthesis.
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False
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Selectively permeable membranes allow proteins to pass through them.
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False
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Lyosomes degrade bacteria and worn cells, and can cause disease by destroying normal tissues.
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True
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Hydrogen peroxide is a chemical toxic to most cells and is produced by some human cells.
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True
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Peroxisomes can play a role in the detoxification of alcohol.
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True
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The centrioles are microtubules that play a significant role in ATP and energy production.
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False
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The nucleus is an organelle enclosed in a double layer of membrane.
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True
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The nucleolus functions mainly in the synthesis of DNA
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False
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Chromatin is the term of the loosely coiled appearance of DNA in a non-dividing cell.
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True
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In therocess of apoptosis cells shrink and die but the basic structure of the organelles remains constant.
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False
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DNA has chemicals that direct metabolic processes as well as reproduction.
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True
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At the point of equilibrium, during diffusion, there is no further movement of any molecules.
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False
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In general, the rate of diffusion of a molecule is faster in areas of higher temperature.
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True
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The sugar added to a water solution is termed the solvent.
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False
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During renal dialysis, a type of diffusion, it is possible to remove all of the metabolic waste such as urea from the blood.
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False
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Osmosis is the movement of water and can occur through any type of permeable membrane.
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True
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