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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
In development, the extrinsic back muscles develop from the _______________ and are innervated by the __________ rami of spinal nerves.
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-hypomere
-anterior |
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In development, the intrinsic back muscles develop from the ___________________ and are innervated by the _____________ rami of spinal nerves.
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-epimere
-posterior |
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The upper fibers of the trapezius ____________. The middle fibers of the trapezius ________________. The lower fibers of the trapezius _____________.
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-elevate the scapula
-retract the scapula -depress the scapula |
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The trapezius is innervated by the ____________.
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spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)
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Another name for the spinal accessory nerve is...
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CN XI
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What muscle extends, adducts, and medially rotates the arm?
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the latissimus dorsi
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If a patient has difficulty climbing, doing push-ups or walking with crutches, which muscle is deficient?
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the latissimus dorsi
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If a patient is having difficultly contracting the muscle that allows him to walk with crutches, what nerve is deficient?
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Thoracodorsal nerve
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If a patient is having difficulty elevating his scapula, which muscle(s) might be affected?
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-the trapezius
-the levator scapulae |
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What nerve(s) innervate the levator scapulae?
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CN 3, CN 4, CN 5.
CN5 is the dorsal scapular nerve |
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Another name for the dorsal scapular nerve is...
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C5 spinal nerve
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If a pt is having difficulty elevating his scapulae, what nerves might be affected?
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-Spinal nerves C3, C4, C5 (dorsal scapular nerve) that innervate the levator scapulae
-Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI) that innervates the trapezius |
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If a pt is having difficulty abducting his arm past the first 15 degrees, which muscle is affected?
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deltoid
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What does the clavicular part of the deltoid do?
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flexes and medially rotates arm
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What does the acromial part of the deltoid do?
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abducts the arm
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What does the scapular part of the deltoid do?
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extends and laterally rotates arm
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What nerve supplies the deltoid muscle?
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Axillary nerve
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If a patient is having difficulty abducting his arm past 15 degrees, what nerve is likely involved?
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the axillary nerve supplying the deltoid
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What are the rotator cuff muscles?
Collectively, what do they do? |
S - supraspinatus
I - infraspinatus T - teres minor S - subscapularis They hold the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa. |
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Which muscle initiates abduction (first 15 degrees)?
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Supraspinatus
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Which nerve innervates the suprspinatus muscle?
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the suprascapular nerve (gets innervation from spinal nerves C5, C6 combining at the brachial plexus)
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The suprascapular nerve arises from what origins in the spine?
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spinal nerves C5 and C6, which combine at the brachial plexus
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If a pt is having difficulty abducting his arm the first 15 degrees, what nerve is likely involved?
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suprascapular nerve
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If a pt is having difficultly laterally rotating his arm, what muscle (s) may be involved?
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-infraspinatus
-scapular part of the deltoid -teres minor |
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What nerve innervates the infraspinatus?
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suprascapular nerve (C5, C6 from brachial plexus)
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If a pt is having difficulty laterally rotating his arm, what nerve (s) may be involved?
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-suprascapular nerve innervating the infraspinatus (from spinal nervesC5, C6)
-axillary nerve innervating the deltoid (scapular part) AND teres minor (also from spinal nerves C5, C6) |
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What nerve innervates the teres minor?
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Axillary nerve (from spinal nerves C5, C6 @ brachial plexus)
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If a pt is having difficulty medially rotation his arm, what muscle (s) may be involved?
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-subscapularis
-deltoid (clavicular part) -latissimus dorsi -teres major |
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The subscapularis acts to...
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medially rotate arm
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The subscapularis is innervated by...
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upper subscapular nerve (C5, C7)
lower subscapular nerve (C5, C7) |
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If a pt is having difficulty medially rotating his arm, which nerve might be affected?
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-upper and lower subscapular nerves innervating subscapularis
-axillary nerve innervating clavicular part of deltoid -thoracodorsal nerve innervating latissimus dorsi -teres major innervated by lower subscapular |
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The teres major acts to...
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-medially rotate arm
-extend arm -adduct arm |
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The teres major is innervated by...
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lower subscapular nerve (C5-C7)
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Why isn't the teres major a rotator (SITS) muscle?
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It does not attach to the glenohumeral joint and thereby stabilize it.
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The teres minor is innervated by the __________ while the teres major is innervated by the _____________.
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-axillary nerve (C5, C6)
-lower subscapular nerve (C5-C7) |
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The latissimus dorsi muscle has the same actions as the ___________ muscle. What are those actions?
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-teres major
-extend, adduct, and medially rotate arm |
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The subscapularis only medially rotates the arm and does not adduct it. Why is that?
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It inserts on the glenohumeral joint, so when it pulls on that attachment it simply allows the arm to rotate around that axis point.
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The rhomboid major AND minor muscles act to
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retract and downwardly rotate the scapula
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The rhomboid major AND minor muscles are innervated by
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the dorsal scapular nerve
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The dorsal scapular nerve innervates which muscles?
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-rhomboid major AND minor
-levator scapulae |