Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Describe tests for theses gases: oxygen, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, chlorine and ammonia |
Oxygen: glowing splint should relight Hydrogen: lit splint will go out with squeaky pop Carbon dioxide: limewater should turn cloudy Chlorine: damp UI/Litmus paper should be bleached white Ammonia: UI / red Litmus paper should turn blue |
|
Describe the chemical test for water |
Adding water to anhydrous copper(II) sulphate should turn it from white to blue CuSO4 (s) + 5H2O (l) → CuSO4 • 5H2O (s) |
|
Describe flame tests for cations |
Li + : red flame Na + : yellow flame K + : lilac flame Ca 2+ : brick red flame Cu 2+ : green flame |
|
Describe a test for the ammonium cations |
Add sodium hydroxide solution to the test solution, warm it up, and test with UI paper - it should turn blue NH4 + OH → NH3 + H2O |
|
Describe a test for the metal cations: Cu 2+, Fe 2+, and Fe 3+ |
After adding sodium hydroxide solution, ions from the metal solutions join to OH ions from NaOH, forming a precipitate
Cu 2+ : blue, Fe 2+ : green, Fe 3+ : orange/brown
Cu 2+ (aq) + 2OH- (aq) → Cu(OH)2 (s) |
|
Describe a test for the carbonate anion (CO3 2-) |
Add acid, and the gas given off should turn limewater milky (CO2) |
|
Describe tests for the halide anions: Cl-, Br-, and I- |
Test with silver nitrate and acidify with nitric acid (to dissolve unwanted precipitates)
Cl- : white precipitate (AgCl) Br- : cream precipitate (AgBr) I- : yellow precipitate (AgI) Ag + (aq) + Cl - (aq) → AgCl (s) |
|
Describe a test for the sulphate anion (SO4 2-) |
Add barium chloride and a white precipitate should form Ba 2+ (aq) + SO4 2- (aq) → BaSO4 (s) |
|
What are a few points to remember in chromatography? |
• Never have the water line touching the baseline (in pencil) at the start
• Do not let the solvent front reach the top of the paper
• Dry paper before measuring |
|
What is the equation for retention factor? |
Retention factor (Rf) = distance moved by dye / distance moved by solvent |