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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Chemical losses |
The primary chemical cleansing agent and the troposphere is the hydroxyl radical |
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Dry and wet deposition |
Relative importance depends on, the phase of the substance gas or particle. The solubility at the substance in water. The mount a precipitation in the region. Terrain and type of surface cover |
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Dry deposition depends on |
Turbulence at surface. For gasses, solubility and reactivity play a role. For particles, size density and shape. Properties of the surface |
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Wet deposition requires |
Interception. Scavenging. Delivery |
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Fundamental principle conversion of mass |
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Chemical transformation, VOC |
VOC--> CO2 + H2O |
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Burning of carbon based fuels |
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National ambient air quality standards |
Control based on air quality criteria, 2 types primary which is health based and secondary which is welfare based And States must prepare implementation plans (sips) |
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Hazardous air Pollutants (HAPS) |
Put in s'more hazardous thing criteria pollutants but are difficult to determine safe level the sources are often localized exposure |
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Classification of sources |
Primary are emitted to the atmosphere and secondary are formed in the atmosphere |
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Carbon monoxide source |
Incomplete combustion of carbon fuels. Sink : CO + OH --> CO2 + H |
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National carbon monoxide a missions by source sector |
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The global atmospheric processing of reactive nitrogen |
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Global sources of nitrogen oxide |
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Trends and politicians over time |
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Volitile organic compounds VOC |
Compounds primarily composed of hydrogen and carbon period of volitile meaning high propensity to be in a gaseous state Examples include methane benzene and isoprene |
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Biogenics VOC emissions sensitive to |
Temperature, my, vegetation type and canopy structure |
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National volatile organic compounds emissions by source |
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Well tile organic compound emissions by sources In multnomah county |
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Build-up of ozone |
Is due to the chemical reactions of hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides in the presence of sunlight |
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Ozone formation and the troposphere |
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Formation of ozone with NO |
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Tropospheric oxidation of general Hydrocarbon |
So more and 02 is produced that makes more ozone |
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Formation of ozone simplified |
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Diurnal variations in precursors and photochemical oxidants |
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Modeling ozone formation |
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Urban air shed modeling |
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Anthropogenic nox emissions in the US by source category |
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Ozone concentrations versus nox and VOC emissions |
Ozone reduction and control is complicated reducing one or both could do nothing or even increase ozone. Nox creates and destroys ozone so relationship None linear |