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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Intrinsic/primary factors
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Generally considered fixed or permanent, since they are inherited or otherwise related to universal biological and physiological processes, and set the limits for our maximum potential life span. Genetic inheritance, gender, ethnicity, and health condition.
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Wisdom factor
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Individuals with better or higher cognitive and intellectual abilities tend to live longer; this is often referred to as the ___ ___.
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Life expectancy
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The average length of life for a member of a given species.
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Secondary aging
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Processes due to inactivity, poor eating habits, or disease.
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Extrinsic/secondary factors
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Modify the limits projected for life expectancy by the intrinsic factors. Individuals can exercise control over these factors. Nutrition and diet, climate or physical activity, interpersonal relationships, work and work satisfaction, education and economic status, cognitive/intellectual factors, and personality and stress avoidance.
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Aging clock
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Normal human cells reproduce themselves 50 times, then they die, which has been termed the ___ ___.
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Longevity
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Reflects the proportion of the upper limit of our potential life span (approximately 110 years) we actually acheive.
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Primary aging
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Results of the biophysiological processes
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Coronary heart disease
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Caused by a narrowing of the coronary arteries, which results in a decreased supply of blood and oxygen to the heart.
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Osteoperosis
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Disease characterized by progressive decline in bone density, common among women.
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Colon cancer
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One of the most serious disorders associated with age, along with diabetes. Next to lung cancer, claims more lives than any other form of the disease.
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Neurofibrillary tangles
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nerve fibers in the cell body and dendrites increase in number and become interwoven, which interferes with cell functioning. Found in normal brains, but especially prevalent in the brains of people with certain forms of dementia.
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Atherosclerosis
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Progressive narrowing of arterial walls
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Senile plaques
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Abnormally hard clusters of damaged or dying neurons
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Neurons
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Nerve cells which receive and transmit information
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Synapses
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Small spaces between neurons that help integrate information from various parts of thenervous system.
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Multiple threshold model
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We are more or less sensitive to some aspects of biological and physical aging versus others, dependent on their potential to affect our adaptation and adjustment.
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Heart attack
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Caused by the sudden blockage of the cotronary artery, usually by a blood clot.
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Stroke
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Occurs when blood is cut off to a region of the brain due to weakened or blocked cerebral arteries or a rupture with bleeding (hemorrhage) into surrounding tissues.
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Diabetes
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One of the most serious disorders associated with age, along with colon cancer. A metabolic disorder that can cause a number of debilitating symptoms, includuing blindness, damage to various organs of the body, and in some cases death, and its frequency increases with age.
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Plasticity
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Potential for new growth
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Ateriosclerosis
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Progressive hardening of arterial walls
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Dendrites
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Extending from each cell body are ___, whose function is to receive incoming information from other neurons.
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Lipofusin
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"Age spots"
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Body image
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Age changes contribute to changes in our ___ ___. Such changes have an impact on both men and women as they age, and are assigned different meaning based on gender.
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Menopause
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The cessation of menstruation. accompanied by decreased estrogen production. often accompanied by symptoms such as hot flashes or night sweats.
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Sexual interest
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Primarily a psychological experience and pertains to a person's desire to engage in sexual behavior, whereas sexual activity refers to engaging sexual behavior.
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Serial monogamy
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Prior to marriage, individuals of both genders tend to be faitful to their partner in the relationship, but we may have many sex partners as we move from one relationship to another.
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Sexual dysfunction
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Refers to difficulties or impairments in normal sexual functioning.
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Sensation
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Reception of physical stimulation and the translation of this stimulation into neural impulses
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Absolute threshold
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The minimum level of stimulus energy required tos ee an object, increases with age
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Presbyopia
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A decline in the eye's ability to focus on near objects
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Static visual acuity
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The ability to read the Snellen chart
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Dark adaptation
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Increased sensitivity to light in a dark environment
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Peripheral field
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The outer area of your overall visual field and shrinks several degrees per decade after age 45
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Sandwich generation
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individuals caught in the middle between meeting the demands and needs of their children and the demands and needs of their aging parentsw
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Vigilance
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The ability to maintain attention on a task for a sustained period, very important for driving, assembly line work, air traffic controllers, and other activities where attention must be maintained for fairly long periods.
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Field dependence/independence
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People who are considered ___ ___ make judgments that are heavily influenced by the immediate environment, while ___ ____ persons' judgments are not.
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Perception
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The interpretationof sensory stimulation
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Accommodation
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The process whhereby the eye adjutsts its focus both near and far in order to gain clarity
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Somesthesis
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Sensitivity to touch, vibration, temperature, kinesthesis, and pain.
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Visual acuity
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The ability to resolve detail.
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Light adaptation
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Increased sensitivity to light in a light environment
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Presbycusis
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Progressive bilateral (both ears) loss of hearing for tones of high frequency due to changes in the auditory system
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