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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is diascopy?
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hold plate glass to lesion to determine if it blanches. This will assist determining if the lesion is vascularized
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When should a patient have a complete head and neck examination?
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Initial visit and every recall visit (6 months). If the patient is at high risk for something like oral cancer, then the complete exam should be done at every visit.
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What is pallor?
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Paleness
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When should you make a progress note in the charts?
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Each time a patient is seen or a conversation the the patient or health provider
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What are different examination techniques?
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1. Visual Inspection
2. Diascopy 3. Palpation 4. Probing 5. Percussion 6. Auscultation 7. Aspiration 8. Evaluation of Function |
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What should you look for during your visual inspection?
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1. Symmetry
2. Color 3. Consistency 4. Size, shape, swelling, deformity 5. Opening 6. Lesions 7. Superficial vascularity 8. Edema 9. Moistness of skin 10. Characteristics of hair/nails 11. Make sure you inspect whole neck (fold down the collar) |
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What are you feeling for when palpating a structure like lymph nodes?
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1. Texture
2. Dimension 3. Consistency 4. Temperature 5. Function |
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What is rebound, when palpating for tenderness?
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When you press on the area, it doesn't cause the patient any pain; when you remove the pressure they feel pain due to the tissue rebounding and impinging on nerves.
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Why should you always aspirate before you inject local anesthetic?
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To assure that you are not injecting into a blood vessel.
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What are Rhonchi when auscultating for breathing sounds?
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Deeper rumbling sounds
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What are Rales when auscultating for breathing sounds?
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Gargly sounds; crackles on inspiration.
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What are wheezes when auscultating for breathing sounds?
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Squeeky whistles, usually on inspiration. Asthma
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T/F
Aspiration may include olfaction to detect odors that indicate metabolic/endocrine disease. |
True
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What are vital signs?
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1. Temperature
2. Respiration 3. Blood Pressure 4. Pulse |
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What are the baseline indicators of health status?
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1. Respiration
2. Blood Pressure 3. Pulse |
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What is normal temperature range in healthy individuals?
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98.6-99.4 F
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What are some conditions that could increase body temperature?
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1. Exercise
2. Infection 3. Ovulation 4. Inflammatory disorders 5. Hyperthyroidism (due to metabolism increase) |
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What are some conditions that could decrease body temperature?
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1. Anemia
2. Alcoholism 3. Chronic debilitating disease 4. Hypothyroidism |
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What are the normal respiratory rates?****
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16-20/min Adults
24-28/min children 44/min infants |
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What is the term for increased rate and decreased depth of breathing?
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Tachypnea
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What is the term for increased rate and depth (hyperventilation)?
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Hyperpnea
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What is the term for hyperpnea with periods of apnea, typical of profound toxic states?
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Cheyne-Stokes
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What are the normal pulse rates?***
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60-90 bpm adults
90-120 bpm children |
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in patients over 50 which BP number is most important to be aware of?
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Systolic BP
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When you determine BP categorization, which component is used to determine the classification (sys/dias)?
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By the most elevated value
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What is the range for Stage 1 Hypertension?
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see above
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What is the range for stage 2 hypertension?
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See Above
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What category is an individual who has 129/90 BP?
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Stage 1 hypertension
Classified based upon diastolic BP |
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What category does a patient fall into with a blood pressure of 138/88?
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Pre-hypertensive
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What category does a patient fall into who has a blood pressure of 140/100
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Stage 2 Hypertension
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Up to what blood pressure range is routine dental care okay?
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179/109 with NO MRF
(although 140/90 you should consider use of sedatives for complex dental procedures and refer for medical consultation) |
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What is the blood pressure range and MRF for Urgent dental treatment only?
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160-179/100-109 With MRF
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T/F
You may not treat any dental conditions without medical consultation with a BP of 180/110 and NO MRF |
True
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May a patient with a BP of 160/110 be treated?
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Not without a medical consultation if there are NO MRF, also refer for PROMPT medical treatment.
If patient has MRF then NO dental treatment and refer EMT. |
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What is BP range for NO dental treatment and refer for EMT regardless of MRF?
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≥ 210/120
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If someone has a BP of 143/99 and has MRF how should the patient be handled?
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Routine care okay
Sedatives for big procedures Refer for medical consult |
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What is the highest BP a patient may have for routine treatment?
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179/109 with no MRF
note: at this high sedatives for complex procedures and refer for medical consult |
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What is the highest BP a patient can have in order to be treated WITHOUT a medical consult?
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179/109 with MRF
note: this high is only for urgent dental treatment |
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How high can a patients BP be before referring for medical consult or altering treatment?
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139/89 and it doesn't matter whether or not they have MRF
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What is the difference between someone who has MRF or not with a BP of 180/110?
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No MRF = no treatment w/o med consult & refer for Prompt med consult
Yes MRF = No treatment and refer to EMT |
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How should we treat a patient who has a BP of 160/100 with no MRF?
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Routine care okay
sedatives for complex procedures refer for medical consult |