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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
lotions, creams ointments
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topical medications
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effects that a drug is expected to have
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action
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the study of properties and effects of drugs and medications
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pharmacology
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amount of medication given
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dose
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gelatin shells filled with powdered or liquid medication
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capsules
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any action of a drug other than the desired one
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side effect
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to bind or stick to a surface
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adsorption
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therapeutic use for a particular medication
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indication
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process by which medications travel through body tissue
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absorption
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situation in which a drug should not be given
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contraindication
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the proper dose of medication depends on all of the following
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age, size of patient, desired action
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nitroglycerin relieves the squeezing or crushing pain association with angina by
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dilating the arteries to increase the oxygen supply to the heart muscle
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the brand name that a manufacturer gives to a medication is called the
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trade name
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the fastest way to deliver a chemical substance is by the __________ route
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intravenous
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the form the manufacturer chooses for a medication ensures
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proper route of the meds, timing of the meds release in the bloodstream, meds effect on the target organs or body systems
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solutions may be given
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orally, intramuscularly, rectally
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in the prehospital setting a ________ is the preferred method of giving oxygen to patients who have sufficient tidal volume and can provide up to 90% inspired oxygen
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nonrebreathing mask
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characteristics of epinephrine include
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dilating passages in the lungs, constricting blood vessels, increasing the heart rate and blood pressure
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epinephrine acts as a specific antidote to
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histamine
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nitroglycerin relieves pain because its purpose is to increase blood flow by relieving the spasms or causing the arteries to
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dilate
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nitroglycerin affects the body in what way
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decreases blood pressure, relaxes veins throughout the body, often causes a mile headache after administration
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TF oxygen is a flammable substance
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False
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TF glucose may be administered to an unconscience patient in order to save his life
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False
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TF epinephrine is a hormone produced by the body to aid in digestion
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False
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TF nitroglycerin decreases blood pressure
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True
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TF sublingual meds are rapidly absorbed into the digestive tract
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False
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TF vital signs should be taken before and after medication is given
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True
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TF even though medications can react with each other, this is not potentially harmful condition for the patient
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False
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TF nitroglycerin should be administered only when the patients systolic blood pressure is below 100 mm Hg
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False
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________ is a simple sugar that is readily absorbed by the bloodstream
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glucose
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______ is the main hormone that controls the bodys fight or flight response
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epinephrine
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nitroglycerin is usually taken
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sublingually
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in all but the ___ route, the medication is absorbed into the bloodstream
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IV injection
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when given by mouth, _______ may be absorbed from the stomach fairly quickly because the medication is already disolved
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solutions
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A __________ is a chemical substance that is used to treat or prevent disease or relieve pain
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medication
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a devise that changes a liquid medication into a spray and pushes it into a nostril
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MAD mucosal atomizer devise
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the amount of medication given on the basis of the patients size and age
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Dose
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a liquid mixture that cannot be seperated by filtering or allowing the mixture to stand
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Solution
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the process by which medications travel through body tissues until they reach the bloodstream
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absoption
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a medication that binds to a receptor and blocks other medications
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antagonist
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activated ________ is an oral medication that binds and adsorbs ingested toxins in the GI tract for treatment of some poisonings and medication overdoses
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charcoal
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a medication that causes stimulation of receptors
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agonist
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medications that enter the body through the digestive system
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enteral
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into the bone
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intraosseous
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the use of multiple medications on a regular basis
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polypharmacy
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a miniature spray canister through which droplets or particles of medication may be inhaled
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MDI
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through the rectum
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perrectum
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by mouth
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oral
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a mixture of ground particals that are distributed evenly throughout a liquid but that do not dissolve
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intranasal
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a delivery route in which a medication is pushed through a specialized atomizer devise called a mucosal atomizer devise into the nare
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inhalation
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10 routes of medication administration
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intravenous, intramuscular, transcutaneous, oral, intraosseous, inhalation, sublingual, subcutaneous, per rectum
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three charasterics of epinephrine
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secreted naturally by the adrenal glands, dilates lung passages, constricts blood vessels
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4 side effect of nitroglycerin
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headache, burning under the tongue, hypotension, nausea
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what do medications do
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alleviate pain and improve patients will being
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medications used inappropriately may cause what
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harm and even death
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pertaining to medications EMTs will:
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administer medications, help patients self administer meds, ask patients about meds, report patient information to hospital personnel
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pharmacodynamics is a process by which
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medication works on the body
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causes stimulation of receptors
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agonist
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binds to a receptor and blocks other meds
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antagonist
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amount of medication given
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dose
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dose depends on what
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weight, age, desired action
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types of medication
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prescription
over the counter street drugs herbal meds enhancement drugs vitamin supplements |
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enteral medications
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enter body through digestive system
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parenteral medications
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enter body by other means than the digestive system
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absorption
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process by which medications travel through body tissues to bloodstream
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rapid forms of absorption
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per rectum
inhalation sublingual |
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slow forms of absorption
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ingestion
subcutaneous transcutaneous |
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intermediate forms of absorption
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IV, intraosseous
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moderate forms of absorption
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intramuscular
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6 right of medication administration
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right patient, medication, dose, route, time, documentation
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EMT carries what medications
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oxygen
oral glucose activated charcoal aspirin epinephrine |