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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
like N, N-ish
easy to V, tend to V |
Nっぽい
Vstemっぽい |
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Just as little as S1, S2
Even with the condition S1, S2 |
S1ぐらいでS2
S1ぐらいでは/ぐらいじゃS2(negative) |
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Because of being N, no wonder S2
Since S1, no wonder S2 |
Nだけあって(さすがに)S2
S1だけあって(さすがに)S2 |
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No matter how Modifier the N is, ...
No matter how V/Adj, ... |
いくら/どんなにModifier Nでも、...
いくら/どんなにV/Adj(て-form)も、... |
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Seeing S1, it seems to be N/it seems that S2.
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S1ところを見ると、Nのようだ。
S1ところを見ると、S2ようだ |
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Just given S1, S2
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S1だけでS2(positive)
S1だけでは/じゃS2(negative) |
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If I see it, ...but (unexpectedly, rather) Y.
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みたところ(では)Xだけど(案外、意外と、結構)Y
見た感じ(では)Xだが(案外、意外と、結構)Y |
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Speaking of things like N, S2
Doing things like S1, S2 |
NなんてS2
S1なんてS2 |
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Really having the characteristics of...
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(いかにも)Nらしい
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N1 is almost like N2
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N1は(まるで)N2のようです。
N2みたいです。 |
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There is no person/thing/event/place/etc. as Modifier as NP
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NPほど/くらい/ぐらい Modifier 人/もの/こと/ところ/etc. はない。
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Despite being N, S2
Although S1, S2 |
NのくせにS2
S1くせにS2 |
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A V-ing mannter, a way of V-ing, how to V
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Vstem方
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To the extent that almost like S1, S2
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S1ほど/くらい/ぐらいS2
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Owing to N1/S1, S2 (POSITIVE)
Because of N1/S1, S2 (NEGATIVE) |
N1のおかげで/S1おかげでS2
N1のせいで/S1せいでS2 |
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S, and (I) can't stand it; unbearably S; extremely S
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S(て-form) たまらない/たまんない/しかた(が)ない/しょうがない
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If S1, why don't you S2
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S1なら、S2(V)たら/たらどう/たらどうですか。
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It does not go well if it's the case that S1 > must not S1
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S1わけにはいかない
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There is no way that S1
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S1わけ(が)ない
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It is that (you)... (IMPERATIVE)
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S1こと。N(action)のこと。
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shows ~ experssion
looks~ |
〜顔をする
〜顔をしている |
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experience the feeling that S1
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S1思いをする
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While being N (while S1 holds), S2
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Nのうちに
S1うちにS2 |
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...ness
being a little bit ... that average |
Adjectivial Noun+さ
Adjective Root+め |
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Intransitive Verbs
Transitive Verbs |
自動詞
他動詞 |
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being rather... <- being on the ... side/direction
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〜方
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Before S1, S2
After S1, S2 After S1, S2 Until S1, S2 |
S1(Verbal, plain imperfect, affirmative) まえにS2
S1 (Verbal, plain perfect, affirmative) 後/後でS2. S1(Verbal, て-form, affirmative)からS2 (i.e. Vstem てから) S1 (Verbal, plain imperfect, affirmative) までS2 |
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V, in the Adj/N way
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Adjective Stem (i.e., the-く form) + V, or Nに+V
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V2 in the manner that V1 <- V1, and V2
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V1てforms + V2
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N that is already in the condition of V
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V(Perfective, i.e., -た)+N
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excessively Adj/V
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Adjective Root/Adjectival-N/Vstem+すぎる
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Honorific
Regular Pattern 1 Regular Pattern 2 Special Forms Short Pattern Short Pattern for Request |
尊敬語
おVstem+になる the same as passive forms (Very Frequently Used!) おVstem+だ/です おVstem+下さい |
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Humble
Regular Pattern Special Forms Super Polite |
謙譲語
おVstem+する (Very Frequently Used!) 丁重後 |
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should V/should not V
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Verbべきです/べきじゃありません
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Causative: make someone do something
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Vneg-stemせる/させる
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I let someone do something; someone lets me do something
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Vneg-stemせて/させて+あげる/ある/くれる/もらう
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Passive
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Vneg-stemれる/られる
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Adversative Passive
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迷惑の受身
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Causative Passive: be forced to V
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Vneg-stemされる/させられる
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at least such thing as N
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Nぐらい/くらい
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It is that S(imperative) -> suggestion, general truth, exclamation; it used to S(perfective) -> looking back in the past
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Sものだ
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Various kinds of command forms:
NEGATIVE AFFIRMATIVE |
V-plain aff. + な; V-plain aff. + んじゃない
V-stem + なさい; V-plain aff. + んだ; え ろ しろ 来い |
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It comes/continues to V \ It continues/gets to V
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Verb(te-form)くる・いく
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As the situation goes like S1, S2
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S1につれて、S2
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The more V/ADJ, S2
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V/ADJ-ばV/ADJほど、S2
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have to V, must v; no choice other than V
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Vneg-stemざるを得ない
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unavoidable; cannot be helped
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やむを得ない
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It comes to such a situation that S
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S(verbal)ようになる
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nothing but X Y(verb, adjectivial noun, etc.)
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XしかYない
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If S1, S2; Supposing that S1, S2
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S1としたら、S2
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Even if S1, S2; Granted that S1, S2
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S1としても、S2
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Just because S1, S2
Saying that it is because S1, S2 |
S1からといって、S2
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not only X, but also Y~
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Xだけでは(だけじゃ)なくてYも~
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It is not always the case that N1
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S1わけではない(じゃない)
S1という訳ではない(じゃない) |
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Even with the condition S1, S2
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S1(て-form)でもS2
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Going up to S1, S2; S1 is too much, so S2
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S1(て-form)までS2
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It would have been better if S1
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S1(V/ADJprovisional, ie., ~ば・れば)よかった
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(I) hope/wish S1
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S1ないかな
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It does not seem to V
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Vstemそうにない
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N2/S2 towards/against N1
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N1に対するN2;Nに対してS2
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N2/S2 as being N1
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N1としてのN2;N1としてS2
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N2/S for N1
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N1にとってのN2;N1にとってS
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S, and it was good/troublesome/etc.
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S(て-form)よかった・大変だった・etc.
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It would be better if S
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S(V/ADJprovisional, i.e.~ば・~れば)いい
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I want someone to V
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V(て-form)もらいたい・欲しい。
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