The current study was a longitudinal study that assessed data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). I chose the HRS data because it includes participants that are over the age of 50 and their health status. Age is generally important to the current study because strokes typically occur in older age (Dries & Hussein, 2015). The HRS study began in 1992 and consisted of 12,652 participants that were eligible for interviews and had a response rate of 81.6% (Health and Retirement Study, 2015). This study surveyed individuals over five separate waves, with the last wave consisting of participants that were born between 1948 and 1953 (Health and Retirement Study, 2015).…
An embolic stroke refers to the formation of a clot (or emboli) somewhere other than the brain, usually the heart. The emboli will travel in the bloodstream until it becomes lodged, this will restrict blood to the brain. Strokes can affect people of all ages. The risk of stroke increases with age and it is more common among African-Americans. Risk factors that can increase chances of stroke include, but are not limited to: diabetes, heart disease, smoking, excessive alcohol intake, and illegal drug use.…
Ms. Sunshine is a fifty four year old African American woman that has a history of coronary artery disease. The ethnicity and culture of a patient has a vital role in any disease, especially coronary artery disease. A person’s socioeconomic status is associated with the health status of the person (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), 2016). A low economic status is associated with a poor health status. According to NHLBI (2016), African Americans have the highest rates of heart disease in the United States.…
Synopsis Paper- Dr. Cheatwood During Dr. Cheatwood’s presentation he discussed the research methods that he uses for the biomedical research model. Firstly he discussed the impact and importance of stroke research. He notes that according the American Heart Association, there are 800,000 new stroke victims each year in the United States.…
There are modifiable risk factors such as eating healthy and regular exercise and non-modifiable factors such as our age and our family history that can contribute to a stroke. You cannot change your age or your family but there are stroke risk factors that you can regulate if you know what they are. Dreyer et al. (2014) states that the therapeutic strategies for stroke are centered on prevention and treatment of stroke. Primary and secondary prevention of stroke includes lifestyle modification and measures to control risk factors such as hypertension, cholesterol, diabetes, and atrial fibrillation (Dreyer et al., 2014).…
If Mary’s family has a history of suffering strokes, then it is very likely that due to either defective genes or similar lifestyle and environmental factor, Mary had a high risk of suffering a stroke (2). These possibilities when combined with Mary’s age, could explain why Mary’s husband knew to call an ambulance immediately. c.)…
If the patients are well informed about their risk factors and the warning signs of a stroke, prevention and timely treatment may be implemented. The patient needs to be well-educated about the stroke, the many risk factors that involved in stroke, prevention, warning signs, and the need to call 911 for emergency help and treatment. Given the information could lead to improvement in the rapid arrival to the emergency room and promote optimal and timely medical treatment (Kern et al., 2011).…
Stroke: The Sociology Behind It According to John Hopkins Medicine (n.d.), Hippocrates, the father of medicine, discovered stroke about 2400+ years ago, but at the time, the Greek referred to stroke as apoplexy which meant “struck down by violence”. Sometimes referred to as a brain attack, stroke is a cerebrovascular disease that damages portions of the brain because of the tremendous loss of blood vessels individuals experience. Some sources label stroke as a chronic disease and others label it as an acute disease. Conclusively, as implied, this disease has tormented many individuals of many ages for a long period of time, and this paper addresses the sociological rather than the medical aspect of a stroke.…
A stroke is a “brain attack” that anyone and everyone is susceptible to. It occurs when blood flow to an area of the brain is restricted and the brain cells are deprived of the necessary oxygen. This results in cell death and usually a permanent disability. Strokes are one of the leading causes of disability in the United States which is unbelievable since eighty percent of them are preventable. An expert in this field is Professor David J Hanson who is Professor Emeritus of…
Summary: While some believe that personal living habits such as smoking, poor diet, and low physical activity contribute to medical emergencies, scientists have proven that air pollution is now considered a risk factor for stroke around the world. Many people do have strokes because of their bad habits, but not all. Only 74% of modifiable risk factors for stroke are traced back to behavioral attributes. This statistic proves that there is something else causing strokes to occur in patients that they have no control over. Developing countries have the highest risk factor of air pollution for stroke.…
Cardiovascular disease or CVD is a condition in which the blood vessels become blocked. In the United States, about 610,000 people die of heart disease every year from cardiovascular disease. It is the leading cause of death in both men and women. It is thought of as a “man’s disease” which it is not. The same amount of both men and women die from heart disease a year.…
Overview Stroke and hemorrhagic stroke A stroke is a brain attack. It is caused when blood flow to an area of brain is cut off. Brain cells are deprived of oxygen and begin to die. After that, abilities for the brain cells in that area to memory and muscle control are lost.…
Overall, women of minority race (Black and Hispanic), women over the age of sixty, women who were not married and those who have not had past experience with stroke through family or friends are less informed about the symptoms of stroke (Ennen & Beamon, 2012). Women often fail to foresee stroke as they do not link the most common risk factors; high blood pressure and high cholesterol (Heart & Stroke Foundation, 2010). The difference in men and women is under-recognized and under-valued in health care but is essential in comparing health conditions/issues (Zitzelsberger,…
Recent studies have made health care providers aware of the fact that there is a difference in hypertension between European Americans and African Americans. The question that really has to be answered is why this disparity arises in the United States population. Some believe it is a biological difference between Blacks and whites, while others claim that it stems from a general racism in the medical community, preventing African Americans to receive proper care and education on the subject of hypertension. Regardless of the cause of the disparity, hypertension is associated with shortened life spans, increased incidence of Coronary artery disease, cerebral vascular accidents, diabetes mellitus and other cardiovascular complications. Incidence in the US Overall, 6% more African Americans have hypertension than whites.…
Stroke is a medical condition in which blood supply to part of the brain is cut off causing brain to damage (Stroke, 2005). One of the biological factor that could lead to stroke is ethnicity as people who are African-Caribbean, South Asian are likely to develop diabetes and high blood pressure which can cause stroke (Stroke, 2005). One of the social factor that influence stroke is physical inactivity as this can lead to risk of high blood pressure, cholesterol level and diabetes which can lead to obesity (American Stroke Association- 2012). One of the psychological factor that can leads to stroke is Depression as people who are depressed tend to a have unhealthy habit such as smoking, lack of physical activity and Some of the medication used to treat depression has also been linked to cause stroke (Hu et al, 2011).…