Dry AMD progress relatively slower, it usually takes years to develop into a more advanced form called geographic atrophy (GA). GA is characterized by one or multiple RPE atrophy areas emerge and develop on and near the macular. This death of RPE will lead to degeneration of photoreceptor and loss of the central vision. Different from the wet AMD, RPE-to-mesenchymal transition and formation of fibrotic scars were not observed in GA. Conversely, recent histological and transcriptomic studies indicate that progression of GA is likely due to apoptosis of RPE around the lesions without evidence of an effective wound healing response. Currently, there is no approved treatment for GA. However, transplanation of stem cell-derived RPE to compensate the loss of the host RPE cells is a promising
Dry AMD progress relatively slower, it usually takes years to develop into a more advanced form called geographic atrophy (GA). GA is characterized by one or multiple RPE atrophy areas emerge and develop on and near the macular. This death of RPE will lead to degeneration of photoreceptor and loss of the central vision. Different from the wet AMD, RPE-to-mesenchymal transition and formation of fibrotic scars were not observed in GA. Conversely, recent histological and transcriptomic studies indicate that progression of GA is likely due to apoptosis of RPE around the lesions without evidence of an effective wound healing response. Currently, there is no approved treatment for GA. However, transplanation of stem cell-derived RPE to compensate the loss of the host RPE cells is a promising