Weak acid

strong base with a weak acid, including its equivalence point and half-equivalence point. The following equation demonstrates the dynamic equilibrium achieved when using a weak acid: The Ka value of a weak acid can be found experimentally using a pH meter along with the concept of equivalence point when titrating an acid and a base. One half of the weak acid has been titrated at the half-equivalence point, meaning that the concentration of weak acid [HA] and its conjugate base [A—] are equivalent. As seen in the Equation (1), equal values for the concentrations of weak acid [HA] and conjugate base [HA] cancel each other out, mathematically. The…

“The Big Bang” the components include “The Force of Gravity” being a very important factor which dictated the density of the stars, if it was too weak the stars would not have been compacted tightly enough to produce nuclear fusion which is necessary to create heavier elements such as carbon and oxygen, and if it was too high the stars would have burned too quickly lasting only one year, “Strong Nuclear Force” is necessary for protons and electrons to be bound together, to simply explain if…

5 drops of thymol blue, malachite and, crystal violet were added to separate test tubes filled with 5mL of unknown #2. The colour change was observed and compared with the tubes with the acetic acid and its chloro- derivatives with the separate indicators. The identity of the unknown acid was recorded. Then, the pH meter was calibrated with 3 standardized buffer solutions at pH 4, pH 7, and pH 10. Then, 25mL of the unknown acid was added to a 100ml beaker and placed under the burette. The…

universe. Black holes, the formation of planets, galaxies and stars are all because of gravity and these same celestial bodies have their own electromagnetic forces and the strong and weak nuclear forces are. Since everything in the universe is made of atoms, there is strong nuclear force everywhere around us. Also, because radioactive material decays over time, the weak nuclear force is important to our safety. The weakest of all four fundamental forces, gravity, was discovered in 1655 by Sir…

Natural Indicators Lab; a Study in pH Levels Using Green Cabbage Introduction- pH is the concentration of hydrogen in a substance. It is the scale used to tell how acidic or basic a solution is. The normal pH scale goes zero to fourteen. Zero to about six indicates that the solution is an acid. If the solution is closer to zero it makes it a stronger acid, but if the solution is closer to seven than it is a weak acid. If a solution has a pH of seven then it is neutral. A pH of eight to fourteen…

Introduction Acids are anions that have at least one hydrogen cation tacked onto their molecular formulas. The Bronsted definition of an acid states that acid is a proton, H+, donor.3 Acids can fall into one of two categories: they can be strong or weak. Strong acids completely dissociate their H+ and weak acids only partially dissociate their H+.3 This means that a strong acid cannot return to its initial state once it undergoes a reaction. On the other hand, a weak acid can return to its…

The reaction of phenolphthalein reacting with sodium hydroxide consists of C20H14O4+ NaOH → NaKC8H4O4 (aq)+ H2O(l) Phenolphthalein is used as an indicator in this reaction because it changes color when a solution reaches a pH of around eight, or in other words the endpoint of a solution. It also allows us to see a physical change, thus resulting in a more accurate measure of how much was titrated. Citric acid is a weak acid, making it best titrated by using a strong base, such as sodium…

All living systems contain buffer solutions to sustain the structure and activity of biological components such as DNA, RNA, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. Buffer solutions are remarkably resistant to pH changes and generally consist of a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid. In the laboratory, artificially made buffers are often used to help maintain a biological system at the proper pH. A laboratory buffer should be inert in the system being studied.…

Buffer Systems As humans, we constantly need to regulate our bodily pH. This regulation process is called homeostasis, and is controlled by the hypothalamus and pituitary gland by a buffering system. A buffer solution is used to maintain the pH at a safe acidity. “A buffer solution is an aqueous solution consisting of a mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid” (Boundless, 2010) Equation 1 – Generic Buffer Equation HA (aq) + H2O (l) --> H3O+(aq)…

magnetic attraction was observed when in contact with a magnet. Zinc had a shiny appearance with a light gray color and the strips of zinc added to solution were approximately 5 cm. When zinc was tested with water there were no noticeable characteristics of a reaction occurring, such as bubbling or a color change. When zinc was added to the weak acid H2SO4, at first there was no noticeable reaction, however,…