Transducer

when integrated with an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) reduces the need for complex external circuitry and provides a more reliable operation. R[6]. MEMS was developed with a lot of technologies and process similar to the IC industry but, there are some process and applications that have been tailored for MEMS. 1.2. MEMS Transducers: R[7]: A MEMS transducer involves transfer of energy i.e it converts energy in form to another. R[8]The input or stimuli for a transducer can be anything like a mechanical, electrical, thermal, fluidic etc. MEMS devices usually convert mechanical movements to electrical signals. For example, a MEMS microphone converts sound into electrical impulse. An actuator is used for actuating microstructures and requires energy to provide motion. It converts energy into a mechanical motion. Actuators require high power at the input. The amount of actuation required depends on the input to the actuator. The output of the actuator is seen as the system response (actuated energy). Some examples are electrostatic, electrothermal actuators. A sensor on the other hand receives the signals (usually from a transducer) like sound in a microphone and responds to that signal. The physical quantity that is being measured or sensed is called as a measurand which is usually the force, temperature etc. and the output is the measurement of the sensor after processing. Sensors require low input at the input than an actuator. Some examples are biomedical…

“It should be emphasized that routine decontamination procedures and disinfection of the individual ultrasound probes only take a few seconds. Therefore, in our opinion, there is actually no reason that such a simple disinfection procedure should not be performed every time after using an ultrasound probe before using it on the next patient” (Sartoretti 2017). This quote is the reason this research was performed. Cleaning equipment, especially transducers, is something sonographers should be…

The transducer must be covered before insertion. The most preferred option is using a cover that is at least 38 microns thick. Examples of these include purpose made lubricated sheathes, surgical drape, surgical gloves or condoms. The transducer drape should fully cover the probe, minimising the risk of possible rupture by over stretching. At the end of the examination, the disposable cover should be removed with a gloved hand and discarded, taking care not to contaminate the surface of the…

what is a sound wave, and how sound waves reflect back. Ultrasounds, also known as ultrasound or sonography, is a type of moving sound pressure wave. An ultrasound is a safe and painless procedure that allows us to see through the layers of skin of to see a person’s anatomy. Most ultrasounds are done using a sonar device outside your body, sending waves into your body. Though, some devices are used for the inside of your body. An ultrasound sends out high frequency sound waves, that are…

a high rate of sound waves and echoes: it’s like echolocation which some animals use to find objects by sound. An Ultrasound machine uses high rythm sound waves that pulses into the body by using a transducer probe (the main part of the machine). The transducer probe receives the…

tissues facilitates healing and decreases inflammation but it also causes muscles to relax. After the muscles are heated to 40-45 degrees Celsius, the tissues are relaxed and can be stretched. Stretching of the tissues can be done for 10 minutes following the heating which will decrease overall pain and soreness. (Speed, 2001). Vasodilation, which is the opening of blood vessels, is another benefit of therapeutic ultrasound. (Davis). The increased blood flow to the damaged area speeds up the…

One form of technology that uses sound in the form of waves is called the Transducer Probe. A Transducer Probe known previously in the medical field as the fast B-scanner is a machine that was invented in the year of 1965 by, “Walter Krause and Richard Soldner (with J Paetzold and and Otto Kresse) and manufactured as the Vidoson® by Siemens Medical Systems of Germany...” ( Joseph Woo, 1998). In modern day this machine is called the Transducer Machine or the Ultra Sound Machine. It was invented…

A single frog leg that was severed from the body at the hip joint was dissected to isolate and expose the gastrocnemius muscle. The gastrocnemius muscle was first separated from the tibiofibula bone, but left attached to the knee and the Achilles tendon. A 15 cm long piece of strong thread was tied tightly around the Achilles tendon of the heel of the frog for later attachment of the muscle to the force transducer equipment. The Achilles tendon below the tied string was then severed and the…

During an exam, ultrasonic beams propagate through a patient’s tissue by means of the transducer. As the beam propagates, there is a loss of energy through absorption, reflection, and scattering. This loss is displayed in the image as shadowing. To start, shadowing may result due to the absorption or reflection of most of the energy. The degree of shadowing is dependent on the structure and size of the object that’s blocking the ultrasonic beam and its relativity to it. Shadowing is seen when…

The frequency response for these accessories includes a low frequency transducer that ranges from 90 Hz to 23 kHz, giving you a booming bass note that is wide-ranging. Each piece measures 12 3/8 inches in height by 8 inches in width by 6 3/8 inches in depth. Each JBL pair of speakers weighs 17 pounds. Each one has a high frequency transducer, a low frequency transducer, a crossover frequency of 3 kHz, and a decibel capability of 88. The pair of JBL speakers can be connected to the electronics by…