Leading indicators

Question 1: pH can be described as a measure of acidity or basicity (Alkalinity) of a solution. It is exactly equal in amount to the negative log of the concentration of hydronium(H3O+) ions. Due to the negative log relationship, increased hydronium ions transform to lower pH. When we add it to water, an acid releases hydrogen ion. Hydrogen ions in water unite with the water molecules to form hydronium ions, thereby lowering the pH and increasing the acidity of water. Water exposed to air is…

2. Materials and Methods: 2.1. Materials: Natural red, propidium iodide (PI), acridine orange and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St.Louis, MO). May–Grunwald–Giemsa stain was procured from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Fetal calf serum, Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DEMEM) and RPMI 1640 were bought from GIBCO/Life Technologies Inc. (Gaithersburg, MD). 2.2. Isolation and Proliferation of MSCs Bone marrow derived MSCs were isolated as described previously…

Project 3 Identification and Synthesis of an Unknown Ionic Compound Mitchell Morgan CEM-161-007 Josh Ward 28th October 2015 Abstract The chief objective of this experiment was to identify the unknown compound. The following tests were conducted to eventually establish the identity of the compounded: qualitative solubility tests, anion and cation tests, flame test, and the formation of a precipitate. The physical properties of the unknown ionic compound found that it has no smell and was…

Observations: This experiment was divided into two parts: one part was to observe the properties of a single Alka Seltzer tablet and the second part was to find the percentage of CO2. In the first part of the experiment, the visible properties of Alka Seltzer were observed and recorded. Each Alka Seltzer contains the same three ingredients: 325 mg of Aspirin, 1000 mg of Citric Acid, and 1916 mg of Sodium Bicarbonate. Two of Alka Seltzer’s ingredients, Citric Acid and Sodium Bicarbonate (Baking…

The purpose of this lab is to determine the Ka of an indicator within an unknown solution. This can be determined because acid-base indicators are weak bases or acids, and when neutralized they change colors. The color change is measured by the light absorption spectra in the compound which can be used to calculate the concentration. This experiment measures the concentrations by the different pH values which allows the pKa and Ka to be determined. Through the experiment, and the recorded color…

In the biomolecule lab, we conducted the lipid chromatography experiment to separate a mixture of biomolecules from lipids. If a positive test is conducted by the end of the experiment, there should be smudges aligned vertically on the chromatography paper, or silica gel strip, indicating the separation of different lipid molecules that were present in the substance. In contrast, if a negative test is conducted there would be no smudges aligned vertically on the chromatography paper. Substances…

litmus paper will demonstrate that a solution contains an acid. However, if the solution contains a base the paper will turn blue, and if it turns red the solution is an acid. Also, like the litmus paper, Multip-pH is a paper impregnated with an indicator solution. The paper is dipped in the solution and is matched with a pH color chart. Furthermore, if both pink and blue litmus paper fail to change color, than the solution is neutral. An example of a neutral solution would be distilled water,…

PH levels are a measure of how acidic or basic your beverage is. They show what beverages are more acidic, like soda, and what beverages are more basic, like water. It’s measured on a scale from one to fourteen. One through six are the acid levels, seven is the only neutral level, and eight through fourteen are the basic levels. First, get 2 drinks of choice and pour them into two different cups. Then, record its pH level, as well as the room temperature. Next, take another liquid and mix it…

an unknown solution (analyte), titrant is used for identifying the concentration of that unknown by adding titrant to analyte. (using burette) Acid –base indicator: acid- base indicator is an indicator that determines the pH of a solution by changing its color due to H+ ion concentrations inside the solution. Indicator range: acid- base indicators change their colors when pH changes. However, they are useful in a specific pH interval. pH of a solution cannot be determined if pH is out of the…

1. The first part of the second experiment went according to the alternative hypothesis. The 200% saline water moved below the 100% saline water to create a layer. It did not mix with the 100% saline water or tap water. On the other hand, the second part of the second experiment did not support the alternative. Instead of moving above the 100% and 200% saline water and tap water, the 35% saline water remained at the bottom. However, it did try to move up. The reason the 35% saline water did not…