Homologous chromosome

This essay provides a brief description of Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP), a mutation on the APC gene (Cleveland Clinic, 2016, pg. 1). It discusses the beginning ages for FAP and some genetic testing options for said disease, including how accurate such tests are. The remaining portion of this paper explores my stated opinion on whether or not adolescents should be tested for late-onset genetic diseases, such as FAP. A Brief Description of Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP)…

What are the general findings of identical twins separated at birth? Identical twins separated at birth are not only in looks, they similar in behaviors throughout life, good or bad grades, use or non-use of alcohol, use or nonuse of illegal drugs, and type of family they get as adults. The text states that studies "clearly show that MZ (monozygotic) twins were far more similar in the traits of criminality." (Schram, & Tibbetts, 2014, p. 112) What implications do these findings have for the…

functions and communicates in everyday life, but Down Syndrome also affects parents and society as well. Down Syndrome is a mental disability that occurs due to an error in cell division. Although it has not yet been discovered why the extra chromosome twenty-one is created, doctors have noticed that…

development and learning capabilities. They are often victims to respiratory diseases, early Alzheimer’s, leukemia, vision problems, and hearing defects. This mutation is caused by the mother’s age or the result of nondisjunction in father’s chromosome 21(extra copy of chromosome 21). Patau syndrome - Patau syndrome causes serious defects to the eye, brain, circulatory functions, and spine. It can also cause extra fingers, extra toes, weak muscles, cleft palates, and cleft lips. The ratio of…

"As many as 4,000 children are born in the U.S. every year with some form of mitochondrial disease, which can include poor growth, loss of muscle coordination, learning disabilities and heart disease," Peter Sutovsky said, a professor of reproductive physiology at Mizzou who conducted research on Mitochondrial irregularities with his partner, Won-Hee song, at Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). These diseases are usually caused by heteroplasmy, or an incorrect inheritance of…

from a extra copy a chromosome, in most cases it is an extra part of chromosome 21. A chromosome is found in most living organisms which is responsible for carrying genetic information. An average Zygote (a fertilised Ovum) will have 23 pairs of chromosomes but in the case of a genetic disorder such as down syndrome, a problem will occur with the chromosomes and can cause physical…

abnormality (Dictionary, 2016). Down’s syndrome is caused by an extra chromosome 21 in the genome in an individual. The extra chromosome causes moderate intellectual disability. The extra chromosome can also result in an error in cell division. The error is usually prior to fertilization but for some reason nobody understands what causes theses errors. People with Down’s syndrome have 50% more genetic material on the 21st chromosome than people who do not have Down’s syndrome (Jerome Lejeune…

Edwards' syndrome, also known as Trisomy 18 is considered a chromosomal condition where there are abnormalities in certain parts of the body. People with Trisomy 18, often have slow growth in the wound (intrauterine growth retardation). These newborns usually have heart defects and other defects throughout the child’s body. This also includes a small shaped head, a small mouth and jaw, and sometimes overlapping fingers and small hands. Children with Trisomy 18 usually die within their first…

fertilize the egg as opposed to monospermy, which is the normal fusion of one sperm nuclei with the egg nuclei creating a diploid nucleus and therefore a viable zygote. Polyspermy will result in an egg that contains more than two copies of each chromosome (for example, forming a triploid nucleus) and typically results in a zygote that is unviable. There are two mechanisms that exist to prevent polyspermy. The first is fast block to polyspermy. As the sperm enters, the membrane potential…

Phenylketonuria A disease is an infection that happens because of outside bacteria or viruses. Meanwhile, a inherited genetic disorder is found in DNA and occurs when inherited by one’s parent. Numerous are caused by transformation in the quality of the cell. Having Phenylketonuria, your body won’t be able to process Phenylalanine, a protein that is in most of the foods. Phenylketonuria is usually found in people from Native American and Northern European ancestry and less common in people from…